2023高考英语一轮复习Unit（精选12篇）
2023高考英语一轮复习Unit 第1篇
XX高考英语一轮教学案大纲版
unit 22
理解:要点诠释
单词
1.prevent
讲: v. 妨碍；阻碍；防止；预防
例：we should do our best to prevent accidents.
我们应该尽力防止事故发生。
however,some psychologists warn that too much study can prevent a child from developing normally.
然而心理学家警告说学生负担太重会阻止孩子正常发育。
her sudden arrival prevented him(from)going out.
她突然来到使他不能外出。
链接•提示
prevent sb. (from)doing=stop sb. (from)doing=keep sb. from doing 阻止某人做某事
在主动语态中，使用stop或prevent时，可省略from，用keep时不可省略from，因为keep...doing的意思为“某人一直做”；在被动语态中都不可省略from。
练：—what _______ you to come to the party?
—an unexpected accident _______ me going.
a.prevented;forbad b.protected;forbad
c.forbad;prevented d.stopped;kept
提示:该题考查动词搭配及意义的辨析。forbid sb. to do禁止某人做某事；prevent sb. (from)doing防止、妨碍某人做某事；stop sb. (from)doing让某人停止做某事；keep sb. from doing不让某人做某事；protect sb. from+n.保护某人躲开某物。
答案:c
2.divide
讲: v. 分；划分；分开；隔开
例：how should we divide our work?
我们怎样分工？
the red sea divides africa from asia.
红海把非洲和亚洲分开。
let’s divide ourselves into several groups.
咱们分成几个小组。
链接•提示
(1)divide...into...把……分成……
(2)divide sth.between/among sb.(在……之间)分配；分享；分担
(3)divide by用……除(尽)；因……分裂
(4)divide and rule分而治之
练：(1)he _______ his time between reading and writing.
a.divides b.joins c.separates d.devotes
提示:从句意和结构看，应该使用divide，divide sth.between a and b把(时间、精力等)分别用于……。
答案:a
(2)he divided the tools _______ the children,who were _______ three groups.
a.between;separated from b.among;divided into
c.in;divided into d.among;separated from
提示:divide among/between在……之间分；divide...into...把……分成……。
答案:b
3.risk
讲: v.冒风险(或危险)
n. 危险；风险；危险人物
例：he risked his life to save her.
他冒着生命危险去救她。
if you put money into gambling or horseraces,you risk losing it.
如果你把钱投到赌博或赛马里，你就有输掉的危险。
when you buy land,you take the risk that it will lose value.
你买地时，就承担了土地贬值的风险。
smoking can increase the risk of developing heart disease.
吸烟会增加得心脏病的危险。
链接•提示
(1)at risk(from/of sth.)有危险；冒风险
(2)at the risk of doing sth.冒着……风险
(3)at risk to yourself/sb./sth.冒伤及……的危险
(4)run/take the risk of doing sth.冒……的危险；冒险做某事
练：the young man was brave enough to risk________ into______ prison by the enemy.
a.putting;the b.to put;/ c.putting;a d.being put;/
提示:risk后只能接动名词作宾语，不可接动词不定式作宾语，排除b项；主语the young man与put之间有逻辑上的动宾关系，故选d。本题也可以从动词短语put sb.into prison入手。
答案:d
短语
1.take turns
讲:该短语的义项为“轮流”。
例：mary and helen took turns at sitting up with their sick mother.
玛丽和海伦轮流熬夜陪伴他们生病的母亲。
we took turns at driving the car.
我们轮流开车。
链接•拓展
(1)by turns 轮流=take turns at doing sth.
she went hot and cold by turns.
她一会冷一会热。
(2)it’s one’s turn to do sth.轮到某人做某事
it’s my turn to drive next.
下回该轮到我开车了。
(3)in turn(s)轮流；依次；按顺序
they sang on the stage in turn.
他们轮流在舞台上唱歌。
(4)on the turn在转变
their opinions are on the turn.
他们的看法开始转变。
(5)out of turn不按顺序；次序混乱
please don’t speak out of turn.
请按顺序讲话。
(6)serve one’s turn适合自己的需要
i think this book will serve my turn.
我认为这本书会适合我的需要。
练：you’ve missed your ______ to speak and you have to wait for another turn.
a.turn b.chance c.order d.opportunity
提示:从后面一句话所提供的another turn“另一轮次”分析，此处应该使用turn。
答案:a
2.cut off
讲：该短语的义项有“砍下来；切断；阻碍；阻挡；堵塞”。
例：the new factory cut off our view of the hills.
新建的工厂挡住了我们观山景的视线。
the army was cut off from its base.
那支部队与基地失去了联系。
练：he was in hospital for six months.he felt as if he was ______ from the outside world.
a.cut out b.cut off c.cut up d.cut through
提示:本题考查根据语境选用cut短语的能力。解题时应首先弄清各短语的含义，然后根据语境作出选择。cut out剪下，删去；cut off砍下来，切断，断绝；cut up切碎，摧毁；cut through抄近路，裁剪。根据语境选b项。全句意思为“他住了六个月的医院，他感到好像与外界隔绝了”。
答案:b
句型
“问路及应答”的交际用语
讲：注意观察下面教材原句:
—excuse me,can you tell me where the roller coaster is?
—go straight down this road,and then turn left.
链接•提示
问路:
(1)excuse me.can you tell me the way to...?
excuse me.which road goes to/leads to...?
excuse me.does this road lead to...,please?
excuse me.where can i find...,please?
excuse me.am i going in the right direction?
应答:
(2)go down this street/road and turn right/left at...
go straight ahead and...
it’s south/north of the...
it’s in that direction.
it’s just across the street.
it’s about...minutes’/hours’ walk.
练：—excuse me,can you tell me how to get to the airport?
—______.
a.certainly,you can take a no.3 bus b.no,i don’t know how
c.yes,you could go by bus d.along this road
提示:先回答能不能帮忙，再告诉对方怎么走。c、d项不是地道的交际英语。
答案:a
辨析
1.feel like,would like
(1)feel like中的like是介词，后接名词或动名词。该结构用来提出意愿或希望，意思是“想要(做某事);愿意”。
(2)would like中的like是动词，后接名词、不定式或不定式的复合结构。
即时练习:
(1)i ______ not ______ to go for a walk with you.i ________ staying at home reading this novel.
(2)i ______ you to help my brother with his english.
(3)do you ______ having something to eat?
(4)— ______you ______ to join us in the travel?
—yes,i ______ to.
答案:(1)would,like;feel like (2)would like (3)feel like (4)would;like;would like
2.divide,separate
divide vi.&vt.分开；分成……份
常构成短语:divide...into...把……分成几份；divide up分开。
separate v.分离；分手；隔开
常构成短语:separate...from...把……和……分开。
adj.分开的；各自的。
即时练习:
(1)he ______ the apple in half.
(2)he ______ the profits with his partners.
(3)she ______ her spare time between reading books and walking.
(4)we talked until midnight and then ______.
(5)as we joined the big crowd i got ______ from my friends.
(6)england is ______ from france by the channel.
(7)he decided to ______ the large house into flats.
答案:(1)divided (2)divided (3)divided (4)separated (5)separated (6)separated (7)divide
诱思:实例点拨
【例1】 (上海模拟) he got well-prepared for the job interview,for he couldn’t risk _____ the good opportunity.
a.to lose b.losing c.to be lost d.being lost
提示:risk后不能接动词不定式，只能接动名词作宾语，he与lose之间有逻辑上的主谓关系，应该用动名词的主动式。故选b。
答案:b
讲评:有些动词后只能接动词不定式作宾语，有些动词后只能接动名词作宾语，有些动词后接动词不定式或动名词意思不同，在平时要准确记忆。
【例2】 (全国模拟ⅱ) —would you like some more tea?
—______,please.
a.no mor b.just a little
c.i’ve had enough d.yes,i would
提示:本题考查交际用语。由please可知，答话人接受了对方的提议，所以要作出肯定的回答。
答案:b
讲评:交际用语一定要符合语境，一定要使用地道的英语，避免使用汉语式英语。
2023高考英语一轮复习Unit 第2篇
XX高考英语一轮教学案大纲版
unit 12
理解:要点诠释
单词
1.treat
讲:v.以……态度对待；以……方式对待；医疗；医治；治疗
n.乐趣；乐事；款待
例：treat your keyboard with care and it should last for years.
小心使用你的键盘，这样你可以使用很多年。
my parents still treat me like a child.
父母仍然把我当成孩子。
when i was young,chocolate was a treat.
我年轻的时候，吃巧克力是一种难得的享受。
let’s go out for lunch—my treat.
咱们到外面去吃午餐，我请客。
链接•拓展
(1)treat sb./sth.as sth.把……看作；把……视为
i decided to treat his remark as a joke.
我决定把他的话当作戏言。
(2)treat sb./oneself to sth.招待；款待；请(客)；买(可享受的东西)
she treated him to lunch.
她请他吃午饭。
(3)a treat 极为有效；棒极了
his idea worked a treat(=was successful).
他的主意极为奏效。
练：(1)（浙江模拟） more patients ______in hospital this year than last year.
a.treated b.have treated
c.had been treated d.have been treated
提示:patients与treat之间存在被动关系，应使用被动语态，故排除a项和b项；由时间状语this year判断，应使用现在完成时态，故选d。
答案:d
(2)—i’d love to go with you to the concert,but i’m short of money these days.
—that’s all right.___________.
a.we are friends,and we should help each other
b.it will be my treat
c.you know i have a lot of money
d.i’ve got enough money
提示:考查情景对话it will be my treat.由我来请客吧。
答案:b
2.habit
讲：n.习惯
例：you need to change your eating habits.
你得改变你的饮食习惯。
it’s all right to borrow money occasionally,but don’t let it become a habit.
偶尔借点钱没关系，但不要养成习惯。
链接•拓展
(1)be in the/a habit of=have the/a habit of 有……的习惯(或脾气)
我不习惯让陌生人进我家。
(2)get/fall into the/a habit of 养成……的习惯
(3)break/get out of the/a habit of戒的习惯
练：（山东潍坊质量检测） when you go abroad for further study,you should learn to adapt to the _______ of the destination country.
a.customs b.habits c.practice d.instruction
提示：custom指社会习俗，habit指个人习惯。
答案:a
短语
1.in trouble
讲：该短语意为：处于不幸、苦恼、困境中；有麻烦
例：he is always ready to help anyone who is in trouble.
他总是乐于帮助有麻烦的人。
if i don’t get this finished in time,i’ll be in trouble.
我如不按时把这完成就要倒霉了。
链接•拓展
(1)get into trouble遇到麻烦；出事
(2)take the trouble to do sth.不辞辛劳地做；不厌其烦地做
(3)have...trouble with或have...trouble in doing sth.做某事有困难
其中的trouble是不可数名词。
i have some trouble (in) reading his handwriting.
我认他的笔迹有点困难。
练：(1)when i am ________,he is always the first person i turn to.
a.into trouble b.at trouble c.in trouble d.in troubles
提示:into 是动态介词，不能表示状态，故排除a项；at trouble不符合英语表达习惯，故排除b项；trouble是不可数名词，不能用复数，故排除d项。
答案:c
(2)some students have trouble_____grammar while others have difficulty____new words.
a.in；remember b.for；to remember
c.on；remembering d.with；remembering
提示:本题考查have trouble with sth.和have difficulty (in) doing sth.，答案为d。句意为:有些学生学语法有困难，而有些学生记生词有困难。
答案:d
2.come across
讲：(偶然)遇见；碰见；发现；被理解；被弄懂；给人以……印象；使产生……印象
例：i came across children sleeping under bridge.
我偶然发现睡在桥下的孩子。
she came across some old photographs in a drawer.
她在抽屉里偶然发现了一些旧照片。
he spoke for a long time but his meaning didn’t really come across.
他讲了很久，但并没有人真正理解他的意思。
she comes across well in interviews.
她在面试中常给人留下很好的印象。
链接•拓展
come out 出现(=appear)；出版(be published)；（消息）传出；真相大白
come about发生(=happen)
come to 达到；谈到；突然想起；苏醒；总计；共计
练：(1)—guess what! i _______an old friend at the party last night.
—how nice!i’m sure you had a wonderful time.
a.quarreled with b.came about
c.came across d.beat
提示:依据答语，排除a、d两项；come across表示“遇到”，与句意相符。
答案:c
(2)（天津河西质量调查） —how did you find this poem?
—i ______ it while reading a classic novel.
a.came down b.came about
c.came across d.came up
提示:本题考查动词短语的区别。come down降低，贬抑；come about发生，产生；come across碰到，遇到，偶然发现；come up上来，上升，抬头。
答案:c
3.used to do
讲：(用于表示过去持续或经常发生的事)曾经；过去常常
例：harry also learns to be brave and to do things he used to be afraid of.
哈利也变得大胆了，敢于做过去不敢做的事。
you used to see a lot of her,didn’t you?
你过去常见到她，是吗？
链接•拓展
(1)be/get used to sth./doing sth.习惯于某事(做某事)
i used to get up late,but now i am used to getting up early.
我曾经起床很晚，但现在已习惯早起了。
(2)be used to do sth.被用来做……
练：(1)there ______many people ________in the office,but now nobody is allowed to.
a.used to be；smoking b.used to have；smoking
c.used to be；smoke d.used to have；smoke
提示:“过去曾经有……”用“there used to be...”表示；“有人干某事”用“there be someone doing sth.”表示。故选a。
答案:a
(2)when he first got to hainan,he didn’t like the weather there,but gradually he _______it.
a.was tired of b.was used to
c.hated d.got used to
提示:强调由不习惯到习惯的过程，故选d。
答案:d
(3)water______ electricity widely all over the world.
a.is used to produce b.is used to producing
c.used to produce d.used to producing
提示:“被用来做……”用be used to do。
答案:a
句型
1.部分否定句
讲：注意观察下面教材原句:
he knew that the church had many secret rooms and that not all of them were safe.
他知道教堂里有很多密室，而且并不是所有的密室都安全。
如果句中使用了all,both,every，再使用否定词not，无论not出现在何处，该句都应视为部分否定句，译成“并不是……都”。
例：not all of us agree with him.
=we don’t all agree with him.
我们并不是都同意他的观点。
not every student passed the exam.
=every student didn’ pass the exam.
并不是每一个学生考试都及格了。
not both of them are students.
=both of them are not students.
他们俩并不都是学生。
链接•提示
表示全部否定时，三者或三者以上用none,两者用neither。
none of us agreed with him.
们都不同意他的观点。
neither of them are students.
他们俩都不是学生。
练：(1)（北京模拟） i invited joe and linda to dinner,but_____ of them came.
a.neither b.either c.none d.both
提示:由句中的信息词joe and linda可知，邀请的是两个人，排除b、c两项；由转折词but可知，表示的是否定，故选a。
答案:a
(2)the advertisements say 2046 is the most romantic film.but i’m sure it won’t interest ________.
a.somebody b.anybody c.everybody d.nobody
提示:考查部分否定句。句意为:广告说《2046》是一部最浪漫的电影，但是我确信它并不会使人人感兴趣。
答案:c
2.含有if only的句子
讲：注意观察下面教材原句:
if only they could find a way to get to the room,or whatever it was,behind the wall.
他们要是能够找到一条通道进入墙壁后面的那个房间，或无论什么地方，该有多好!
if only的意思是“但愿”，其后常接过去式或过去完成时，表达强烈的愿望或遗憾。
例：if only you hadn’t told jackie what i said,everything would have been all right.
要是你没把我的话告诉杰吉就好了，那样就不会出什么问题了。
if only i were rich.
但愿我很富有。
链接•拓展
(1)only if只有
only if引导的从句放在句首时，主句采用部分倒装语序。
(2)if so
if so经常用来代替肯定的条件状语从句，译法较活。
(3)if not不然；要不
if not(不然；要不)代替否定的条件状语从句。
(4)but for若不是，要不是
but for等于if it were not for...；if it hadn’t been for...，所在的句子常用虚拟语气。
练：(1)—did you meet with the famous star?
—_______i had come here earlier.
a.only if b.if only c.but for d.as long as
提示:句意为:“你见到那个著名的明星了吗？”“我要是早点来就好了。” 答话人表示遗憾，故选b。
答案:b
(2)look at the terrible situation i am in! if only i _______your advice.
a.follow b.would follow c.had followed d.have followed
提示:if only引导的句子中多用虚拟语气，此处表示的是过去。
答案:c
辨析
1.believe,believe in
believe表示“相信某件事情或某人的话”。
believe in sb./sth.表示“相信某人或某物的存在”或“信赖；信任；相信某人会成功”。
即时练习:
(1)do you _______god?
(2)they need a leader they can _________.
(3)you can _______him this time but you’d better not ______him.
(4)don’t you _______what i say?
(5)people used to _______the earth was flat.
答案:(1)believe in (2)believe in (3)believe,believe in (4)believe (5)believe
2.power,strength,force
这三个词都有“力量”之意。
power用法最广，用于各种身的、心的、隐藏的、外显的力量，也可指事物的某种作用力或动力。
strength指内部的能力，是身体组织内存在的体力。
force指运用或发挥出来的外在的、活动的力，含有克服阻力而使人或物按要求的方向运动之意。
即时练习:
(1)knowledge is_________.
(2)the boy lifted the stone with all his ________.
(3)she doesn’t have enough _______to walk upstairs.
(4)carrying this baggage requires a lot of _______.
(5)the ________of the wind knocked over a tree.
答案:(1)power (2)strength (3)strength (4)power (5)force
诱思：实例点拨
【例1】 （天津模拟） bill was doing a lot of physical exercise to build up his _____.
a.ability b.force c.strength d.mind
提示:本题考查词义辨析。ability指“能力”；mind指的是“思维；想法；理智”。进行体育锻炼的目的是增强体力，故选c。
答案:c
讲评:解考查词义辨析的题时，要首先明确各个选项的意义，以及他们的不同，然后要正确理解句意。
【例2】 （福建模拟） i made a call to my parents yesterday.to my disappointment______,of them answered it.
a.either b.none c.neither d.nobody
提示:从句意看，应该使用全部否定，从上句中的parents判断，选项应该使用表示“两者都不”的neither。
答案:c
【例3】 (辽宁模拟) this book tells ______life story of john smith,who left_____ school and worked for a newspaper at the age of 16.
a.the；the b.a；the c.the；/ d.a；/
提示:leave college/school 意为“离校”，即毕业或肄业 。例如:(unit 11 p75)elvis left school and became a truck driver.艾尔维斯毕业后当了一名卡车司机。因此首先排除a、b两项；第一空应该用the，特指john smith的生活经历。故选c。
答案:c
讲评:表示去(在)某处，泛指与那个地点有关的活动，而不表示具体的地点时，地点名词前不用冠词。如果表示具体的位置，则要用定冠词the。学习中要注意区分，牢记固定词组；解题时要分析、判断，作出正确选择。
2023高考英语一轮复习Unit 第3篇
XX高考英语一轮教学案大纲版
unit 18
理解:要点诠释
单词
1.settle
讲: v. 决定；解决；定居；放置；使安静；栖息
例：he has settled to buy a car.
他决定买车。
let’s settle the date of the next meeting.
我们来商定下次集会的日期。
the problem has not been settled yet.
那个问题至今尚未解决。
they got married and settled in london.
他们结了婚并在伦敦定居。
his words settled my fears.
他的话平息了我的不安。
链接•提示
(1)settle down舒适地坐下或躺下；(在某地)定居下来；过安定的生活
(2)settle(down)to sth.开始认真对待；定下心来做
(3)settle for sth.勉强接受
练：(1)with many difficult problems _________,the president is having a hard time.
a.settled b.settling c.to settle d.being settled
提示:考查with的复合结构，从下文看，难题还没有解决。故选c。
答案:c
(2)knowing how long the test would last,the students who finished _______ back and waited until the end of the exam.
a.settle b.settled c.settling d.to settle
提示:该题考查句子结构。学生易受思维定势的影响，错选c项，其实who finished是定语从句，选项作谓语，故选b。句意为:由于知道考试要持续多长时间，那些做完的学生安静地坐着，等待考试结束。
答案:b
2.possession
讲: n. 具有；拥有；个人财产；私人物品
例：the gang were caught in possession of stolen goods.
这伙人被逮着，人赃俱获。
the possession of a passport is essential for foreign travel.
出国旅行必须持有护照。
the ring is one of her most treasured possessions.
这只戒指是她最珍贵的财产之一。
链接•提示
(1)take possession of占有；占领
(2)come into the possession of被某人占有；落入某人手中
(3)in one’s possession=in the possession of sb.由某人所有/控制
练：it is said that the white people then came to this land.they _______ of the land.
a.owned b.took possession c.seized d.caught
提示:由空格后的of构成take possession of短语，意为“占有，占领”，决定答案只能是b。
答案:b
短语
1.turn to
讲:该短语的义项有“向……(寻求帮助等)；翻到；查阅；转到”。
例：some farmers have turned to keeping deer,and there are about 4500 deer farms in the country.
某些农场主已经转业养鹿，全国的养鹿场已经达到4500个左右。
he turned to me and said hello to me.
他转向我向我问好。
if you are in trouble,please turn to me.
如果你有麻烦，请找我。
练：(北京海淀期末) although the teacher did not mention any names,everybody knew who he was _________.
a.attending to b.turning to c.referring to d.talking to
提示:本题考查动词短语辨析。attend to意为“注意；照顾”，turn to意为“求助于”，refer to意为“提到；谈到”；talk to意为“同某人交谈”。
答案：c
2.burst out
讲:该短语的义项有“突然迸发；突然出现”。
例：they burst out laughing/crying.
他们突然大笑(哭)起来。
“i don’t believe it!” burst out the angry woman.
“我不相信！”这位生气的妇女突然说道。
链接•拓展
(1)burst into突然闯入；突然开始；突然发生
he burst into the room.
他突然闯进房间。
she burst into laughter/tears.
她突然笑(哭)起来。
the hall burst into cheers when the singer appeared.当歌手出场时，大厅里爆发出欢呼声。
the oil-stove upset and burst into flames.
油炉翻倒，立刻燃烧起来。
(2)burst in(on)打扰
it was very rude of you to burst in on father while he was working.
父亲工作期间，你打扰他是不礼貌的。
stop him bursting in.别让他插嘴。
(3)burst on突然出现
the view burst on our sight.
那景象突然出现在我们面前。
练：as soon as she saw her boyfriend,she ______ tears.
a.burst into b.broke out
c.burst out d.broke in
提示:break out为不及物动词短语，表示“爆发”；break in不及物动词短语，“突然闯入”。burst out后跟动名词形式；burst into后跟名词形式，故选a，burst into tears“突然哭起来”。
答案:a
句型
of+抽象名词
讲：注意观察下面教材原句:
new zealand wine is of high quality and is sold all over the world.
新西兰的酒质量很好，畅销全世界。
of+抽象名词”可以用作表语、后置定语或补足语，意思是“……的，具有……的”说明性质。作表语时，构成“be+of+抽象名词”，等于“be+该名词的形容词”。
例：he is a man of ability.(=he is an able man.)
他是一个有能力的人。
this stone is of great value.(=this stone is very valuable.)
这颗宝石很珍贵。
this matter is of great importance.(=this matter is very important.)
这件事很重要。
练：—where can i get ________ information about a long journey?
—nothing is of ________ than a map,i think.
a.an;greater help b.a piece of;greater price
c.some;better useful d.some;greater value
提示:information是不可数名词，不可使用不定冠词，排除a项；依据“be+of+抽象名词”排除b、c两项。
答案:d
辨析
1.make up,be made up of,make up for
(1)make up的意思比较多，常用的有“化妆；编造；……组成……；占……(比例)，”这时要注意，make up为主动形式，表示“部分组成一个整体”的意思。另外，take up也有“占……”的意思，但指的是“某样东西占据空间”。
(2)be made up of...由……组成，这里为被动形式，表示“一个整体是由几个部分组成”。
注意比较:consist of也有“……由……组成”的意思，但要使用主动形式。
例：this club consists of more than 200 members.
这个俱乐部由200多名会员组成。
比较:this club is made up of more than 200 members.
(3)make up for弥补
即时练习:
(1)she took over 30 minutes to ________ herself ________.
(2)is she telling the truth,or ________ it all ________?
(3)we need one more player to ________ a team.
(4)they ________ about six percent of the total population.
(5)the committee ________ seven members.
(6)he drove faster to ________ lost time.
答案:(1)make,up (2)making,up (3)make up (4)make up (5)is made up of (6)make up for
2.deal with,do with,do without
(1)do with为及物动词短语。用于特殊疑问句时一般用what引导。含有“处理；处置；对待(不用被动语态)；以……将就(不用被动语态)；放置(常用过去时或完成时态，不用被动语态)；忍受(与cannot连用，不用被动语态)”。
(2)do without的意思为“没有……什么也行；将就；用不着”。
(3)deal with为及物动词短语。用于特殊疑问句时一般用how引导。主要义项有“对付；处理；论及……(和do with同义，主要区别在于特殊疑问词)；相处；与……交易(不用于被动语态)”。
即时练习:
(1)your clothes are worn out.what did you ________ them?
(2)he didn’t know what to ________ the property his father had left.
(3)the new teacher didn’t know what to ________ the class.
(4)butter was so expensive that we had to ________ margarine(人造奶油)in those days.
(5)what have you ________ papers for the meeting?
(6)i cannot ________ the loud noise.
(7)we cannot ________ a telephone in our business.
(8)there wasn’t any coffee left,so we had to ________ it.
(9)he knows well how to ________ children.
(10)i think the problem should be ________ quickly.
(11)this book ________ ancient history of china.
答案:(1)do with (2)do with (3)do with (4)do with (5)done with (6)do with (7)do without (8)do without (9)deal with (10)dealt with (11)deals with
诱思:实例点拨
【例1】 (江苏模拟) everybody in the village likes jack because he is good at telling and ______ jokes.
a.turning up b.putting up
c.making up d.showing up
提示:turn up出现；露面；put up建立；搭起；make up编造；组成；show up显现；使显眼。依据句意，选c项。
答案:c
【例2】 (山东模拟) with more forests being destroyed,huge quantities of good earth ______ each year.
a.is washing away b.is being washed away
c.are washing d.are being washed away
提示:依据with的复合结构判断，森林正在被毁，大量的好土正在被冲走。所以用现在进行时的被动语态。当quantity 修饰不可数名词时，谓语动词的单复数与quantity 的单复数保持一致，试比较:a large quantity of water is wasted every day.large quantities of water are wasted every day.
答案:d
讲评:本题考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。
【例3】 (全国模拟ⅰ) the chairman thought ______ necessary to invite professor smith to speak at the meeting.
a.that b.it c.this d.him
提示:本题考查it作形式宾语的用法，真正的宾语是to invite professor smith to speak at the meeting。it的这种用法常用在动词find,believe,hate,like,think等之后，it后的形容词或名词作宾语补足语。
答案:b
讲评:it在固定句型中的用法是模拟考查的热点之一，平时应注意总结掌握。
【例4】 (全国模拟ⅱ) the doctor advised vera strongly that she should take a holiday,but ______ didn’t help.
a.it b.she c.which d.he
提示:本题考查替代词的用法，由上文可知，空格处不指人，而是指上文的语意，排除b、d两项；由题干中表示转折的词but可知，该句不是非限制性定语从句，排除c项。a项中的it指代上文叙述的内容。
答案:a
讲评:解本题时，既要了解it的基本用法，又要正确分析句子结构。
2023高考英语一轮复习Unit 第4篇
XX高考英语一轮教学案大纲版
unit 2
理解:要点诠释
1.communicate
讲:v. 告知；交流；沟通；传达；传递；传染；传播（疾病）
communication n. 传达；交流；通讯；联络；信息
例：through the internet ,we can communicate directly with the united nations.
通过互联网，我们可以直接与联合国联系。
time devours all things.时间吞噬万物。
he was eager to communicate his idea to the group.
他急于把他的想法传达给小组。
the disease is communicated through dirty drinking water.
这种疾病通过不干净的饮用水传播。
radio and television are important means of communication.
收音机和电视是信息交流的重要工具。
练：it’s no use trying to solve problems ______________.they wouldn’t listen to any suggestions.
a. by the way of war
b. by force
c. by communication
d. by means
提示:way之前用介词in表示“用……方法”，排除a项；如果选用b项，句意与后一句不一致；故选c。
答案:c
2.compare
讲：v.比较；相比
例：those present at the meeting compared the industry development in both countries.
与会者对两个国家的工业发展作了比较。
it is interesting to compare their situation and ours.
把他们的状况和我们的相比很有意思。
链接•拓展
(1)compare a with b 把a与b相比较。指同类事物的具体比较。
compare john’s answer with henry s ,which is better?
把约翰和亨利两人的答案比较一下，哪个更好？
(2)compare a to b 把a比作b。含有比喻意味。
shakespeare compared the world to a stage.
莎士比亚把世界比作一个舞台。
(3)compared to/with 与……比起来。常用作状语，可位于句首或句末。
compared to/with many people ,she was indeed lucky.
和许多人比起来，她是幸运的。
(4)compare with/to sb ./sth .与……类似（或相似）
this school compares with the best in the country.
=this school is as good as the best in the country.
这所学校可与全国最好的学校媲美。
练：(1)（湖北模拟）______________ with the size of the whole earth ,the biggest ocean does not seem big at all.
a. compare b. when comparing
c. comparing d. when compared
提示:本题考查分词的用法。句子主语ocean与compare之间存在被动关系，因此用过去分词。when compared=when the biggest ocean is compared with...。
答案:d
(2)in his novels ,he often compared one’s life ______________ a river.
a. by b. with c. for d. to
提示:句意为:在他的小说中，他常把生命比作河流。compare...to...把……比作……。
答案:d
3.end
讲:v.& n.结束
例：when will the meeting end ?
会议什么时间结束？
he ended his speech with “happy new year” to everybody.
他在演讲结束时祝大家新年快乐。
链接•拓展
end构成的短语:
(1)end in以……的结果
(2)end(up)with以……而结束
(3)at the end of在……的尽头
(4)by the end of到……为止
(5)in the end最后
(6)without end无尽的；无限的
(7)put an end to结束/终止
(8)come to an end告终；完结
(9)make(both)ends meet使收支相抵
练：you’ll ______________ in hospital if you drive so fast.
a. die up b. end up c. turn up d. give up
提示:end up表示“终了、结束”。
答案:b
短语
1.come about
讲：该短语意为“（某事）发生”。
例：do you know how the phrase came about?
你知道这个成语是怎样产生的吗？
how did it come about that you didn’t report this to us in good time?
你怎么没及时向我们报告？
链接•提示
表示“发生”的词(组)还有: happen ,take place ,break out ,occur。这些词(组)均不能用人作主语，均无被动语态。
练：i really don’t know how ______________.
a. was the difference come about
b. the difference was come about
c. did the difference come about
d. the difference came about
提示:由于宾语从句中必须使用陈述语序，首先排除a、c项；由于come about不能用于被动语态，故选d。
答案:d
2.more or less
讲:该短语意为“大约；差不多；几乎”。
例：that table is more or less two meters long.
那张桌子大约两米长。
i’ve more or less finished the book.
我差不多已经读完这本书了。
she could earn $200 a day ,more or less.
她一天大约能挣200美元。
链接•提示
more or less是一个固定结构，or不可换成and。more or less可以修饰数词，意为“大约”；还可修饰动词、分词、形容词，意为“或多或少，差不多，几乎”。通常放在系动词、助动词或情态动词之后，或放在动词之前，也可置于句末。
练：if you ______________ finished ,i’ll start clearing up.
a. more or less have b. more and less have
c. have more and less d. have more or less
提示:全句意思为:如果你差不多吃完了，我就开始收拾了。
答案:d
3.bring in
讲：该短语意为“吸引；引入；请……做；让……参加；提出（新法案）；赚得；挣”。
例：experts were brought in to advise the government.
政府请来专家出谋划策。
they want to bring in a bill to limit arms exports.
他们想提出一项限制武器出口的议案。
how much does she bring in now?
她现在挣多少钱？
链接•拓展
(1)bring about导致；引起
what brought about the change in his attitude?
是什么使他改变了主意？
(2)bring back把……送回；归还；使回忆起；恢复；重新使用
the photographs brought back many of pleasant memories.
照片给人带来很多美好的回忆。
most people are against bringing back death penalty.
大多数人反对恢复死刑。
(3)bring down打垮；击败；降低；减少；（飞机）着陆；击落
we aim to bring down prices on all our computers.
我们打算降低我们所有计算机的价格。
twelve enemy fighters had been brought down.
有十二架敌方的战斗机被击落。
(4)bring up抚养；培养；提起；提出
he was brought up by his grandparents in the countryside.
他是被乡下的爷爷奶奶带大的。
练：(1)restaurants in this city not only provide job opportunities but ______________ lots of taxes as well.
a. bring in b. bring about
c. result in d. result from
提示:句意为:这个城市的饭店不但提供了就业机会，还带来很多税收。bring in吸引；引入；bring about导致；引起；result in导致；造成；result from是……的结果；由……造成。
答案:a
(2)the internet has brought ______________ big changes in the way we work.
a. about b. out
c. back d. up
提示:本题考查动词短语的区别。bring about导致，引起；bring out说明，阐明，出版；bring back把……送回，归还，使回忆起，恢复，重新使用；bring up抚养，培养，提起，提出。bring about符合句意，故选a。全句意思为:因特网给我们工作的方式带来了很大的变化。
答案:a
4.more and more
讲:该短语意为“越来越……
例：more and more people are using the internet.
越来越多的人在使用互联网。
she is becoming more and more interested in going into politics.
她对从政越来越感兴趣了。
we’re walking more and more slowly.
我们越走越慢了。
链接•拓展
“the＋比较级...,the＋比较级...”相当于汉语的“越……，（就）越……”。该结构表示两个变化按比例同时递增或递减。前一个“the＋比较级……”结构为从属分句，后一个“the＋比较级……”结构为主句。主句为一般将来时态时，从句(前一个“the＋比较级...”结构)要用一般现在时。
the more you read ,the more you’ll get.
你读的越多，就收获越大。
the more difficult the problem is ,the more interested he becomes.
题越难，他越感兴趣。
练：(1) ______________ people in china prefer to choose a cheap wireless phone service known as “little smart”.
a. more than b. more and more
c. many and many d. more and many
提示:“比较级＋and＋比较级”可以用来表示持续不断的变化。
答案:b
(2) ______________ you use english , ______________ mistakes you’ll make while using it .then you’ll be confident in using it.
a. the more；the less b. the more；the fewer
c. the more；the more d. more；fewer
提示:在the more...,the more...结构中，the不可省略；mistakes是复数名词，可以用more或fewer修饰，不可用less修饰；c项在意思上与后文不一致。
答案:b
5.at all
讲：该短语意为“到底；真的；竟然”。
at all 可用于肯定句及疑问句，起强调作用，常带有较强的感情色彩，可译作“到底、真的、竟然”等。
例：did you sleep at all on the plane?
你在飞机上真的没睡觉？
do it well if you do it at all.
要做就要做好。
链接•拓展
not at all可以用在否定句中，意思是“根本不、一点也不”；也可单独使用，特别是在答语中，意思是“一点也不、没关系、不用谢”。
he was not tired at all.他一点也不累。
i didn’t agree at all.
我根本就没同意。
—thank you very much for your help.
多谢你帮忙。
—not at all ,it was a pleasure.
别客气，不用谢。
练：—how much are these bananas ______________?
—five yuan.
—oh ,it’s not expensive ______________ .
a. at all；at all b. all；in all
c .in all；at all d .at all；in all
提示:in all意为“总计、总共”；at all意为:①(用于否定句)全然、完全、根本、丝毫。②(用于疑问句)究竟、到底。③(用于条件状语从句)既然、果真。
答案:c
句型
1.强调句型及其各种结构
讲：注意观察下面教材原句:
what is it that joe can’t find in the bathroom?
乔在浴室里找不到的是什么？
强调句型的结构如下:
(1)基本结构:it is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其余部分
(2)被强调句子是一般疑问句时，强调句结构:“is/was it ＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他部分(用陈述语序)？”
(3)被强调部分是特殊疑问词时，强调句结构:“疑问词＋is/was ＋that＋其他部分（陈述语序）？”
(4)强调名词性从句引导词时，强调句结构:“引导词＋it is/was＋that＋从句其他部分”。
(5)对not...until结构中until部分进行强调时，not需要放在被强调部分，句式为:“it is/was not until...that＋主句部分（用肯定形式）”。
例：it was we that/who had a meeting in the meeting room yesterday afternoon.
昨天下午是我们在会议室开的会。
was it in the meeting room that you held the meeting yesterday afternoon?
你们昨天是在会议室开的会吗？
where was it that you held the meeting?
你们是在哪里开的会？
he asked where it was that you held the meeting.
他问你们是在哪里开的会。
it was not until you told me that i knew what he said at the meeting.
直到你告诉我，我才知道他在会上讲了什么。
链接•提示
(1)做强调句型选择题时，要区分强调句型和定语从句的区别:一般来说，强调句型可以还原成一个陈述句；而定语从句不能直接还原。
(2)近几年经常采取强调特殊疑问词或名词性从句引导词等测试形式。
练：（北京西城目标检测）—was it what he said or something that he did ______________ made you cry so sadly ,sarah?
—no ,not really.
a. which b. that
c. when d. what
提示:that引导的是强调句，强调的部分是what he said or something that he did。
答案:b
2.with＋名词或代词＋宾语补足语
讲：注意观察下面教材原句:
with so many people communicating in english every day ,it will become more and more important to have a good knowledge of english.
有那么多的人每天用英语交流，精通英语将会变得越来越重要。
“with＋名词或代词＋宾语补足语”称作“with的复合结构”。该结构常用作伴随状语，也可用作定语。该结构中的宾语补足语可以是现在分词、过去分词、形容词、副词、动词不定式或介词短语。
例：she likes to sleep with the window open.
她喜欢开着窗户睡觉。
with everything done ,we went home.
把所有的事做完以后我们就回家了。
don’t stand with your hands in your pockets.
站着的时候别把双手插在口袋里。
链接•提示
在with的复合结构中用-ing形式，不定式和过去分词作宾语补足语的区别:
(1)现在分词作宾语补足语表示动作正在进行，而且和宾语之间是逻辑上的主谓关系。
he lay there ,with his eyes looking at the ceiling.
他躺在那儿眼睛盯着天花板。
(2)动词不定式作宾补表示动作暂时没有发生，有将来的含义，其动作一般发生在谓语动词的动作之后。
with so much homework to do ,he had to stay at home.
有许多的作业要做，他不得不留在家里。
(3)过去分词作宾补表示动作已经完成，而且和宾语是逻辑上的动宾关系。
he lay there with his eyes fixed upon the ceiling.
他躺在那儿眼睛盯着天花板。
with all his homework done ,tom went out to play football.
把所有的家庭作业都做完之后，汤姆出去踢球去了。
练：（1）（江苏南通九校联考）______________ the problem of land erosion getting more serious, the government is searching for a way to deal with it.
a. as b. with c. when d. if
提示:as是介词，意为“随着……”；as也有此意，但as是连词，后须接句子。c、d两项不合题意。
答案:b
(2)（福建模拟）it was a pity that the great writer died ______________ his works unfinished.
a. for b. with c. from d. of
提示:句意为:这个大作家没能完成他的著作就去世了，真是太遗憾了。with的复合结构在句中作伴随状语。
答案:b
(3)with so many books ______________ i couldn’t go to surf the internet.
a. read b. reading c. to read d. being read提示:句意为:由于有许多书要读，我不能够去上网。读书这个动作还没发生，故选c。
答案:c
辨析
1.besides,except,except for 和except that
besides意为“除……之外，尚有……或外加……”。
except将一个或几个人或物从同一类或普通的种类中除外，意为“除……之外”，指“不包括……”。其后可接名词、代词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式或wh-从句。
except for说明整个基本情况后，对细节加以纠正，后接名词。
except that的用法基本同except for，但其后必须接句子。它用来表示理由或细节，修正前面所说的情况。
即时练习:
(1)we all succeeded ______________ tom ,so he is also glad.
(2)we all succeeded tom ,so he is very sad.
(3)he is a good man ,hot temper.
(4)your article is quite good there are several spelling mistakes.
(5)your article is quite good several spelling mistakes.
答案:(1)besides (2)except (3)except for
(4)except that (5)except for
2.a number of ,the number of
a number of只能用作定语，修饰可数名词复数，意为“许多；若干”(=many)。number前可用large ,small等修饰词。当它修饰主语时，谓语动词与它修饰的主语一致。
the number of 的意思是“……的数量；号码”。当它与后面的名词连用时，中心词是the number。如果用作主语，即使后面的名词是复数，谓语也要用单数。
即时练习:
(1) ______________ trees planted in our village is never under 200 every year.
(2)we have lived here for ______________ years.
(3) ______________ jobless people grows in the country at present.
(4) ______________ students are playing football on the playground.
(5) ______________ students in our class is over 70.
答案:(1)the number of (2)a number of (3)the number of (4)a number of (5)the number of
诱思:实例点拨
【例1】（北京模拟）i couldn’t do my homework with all that noise ______________ .
a. going on b. goes on
c. went on d. to go on
提示:本题考查with的复合结构。依据该结构的使用规则，排除b、c两项。从句意判断，本句表示的是说话时的情况，应该使用现在分词。故选a。
答案:a
讲评:with的复合结构中既可以使用现在分词，也可以使用动词不定式或过去分词作宾语补足语。解题时要依据它们所表示的被动或主动以及现在或将来的动作选择答案。
【例2】（江西模拟）please tell me how the accident ______________.i am still in the dark.
a. came by b. came upon
c. came to d. came about
提示:come by(为看望某人)作短暂拜访，设法得到(或获得)；come upon偶然遇见，偶然发现；come to合计，共计，总共；come about发生。
答案:d
讲评:解考查动词短语的选择题时，理解题意并明确各个短语的意思是解题的关键。
【例3】（山东模拟）—______________ that he managed to get the information?
—oh ,a friend of his helped him.
a. where was it b. what was it
c. how was it d. why was it
提示:根据答语oh ,a friend of his helped him判断，此题应用how引导。此题为强调特殊疑问的强调句型，其结构为“特殊疑问词＋is/was it＋that...?”。
答案:c
讲评:解本题时，首先应该从强调句型的结构入手，然后注意特殊疑问词的选择，答语中的a friend of his helped him是选择疑问词的关键。
2023高考英语一轮复习Unit 第5篇
XX高考英语一轮教学案大纲版
unit 4
要点诠释
单词
1.appoint vt.挑选某人做某工作，委任；约定
讲：结构:appoint sb.任命某人
appoint sb.as/to be...任命某人担任
appoint sb.to do sth.指定某人做某事
例:the president appointed a new director.
总经理任命了一位新主任。
we appointed him(as.to be)chairman.
我们选他担任主席。
the teacher appointed me to call the roll.
老师指派我点名。
the time appointed for the meeting was 10:30.
规定的开会时间是10点30分。
链接•提示
appointed adj. 指定的，约定的 at the appointed time在约定的时间；
appointment n. 约定，约会 make an appointment with sb.to do sth. 和某人约定做某事;
disappoint vt.使……失望;
disappointment n.失望
to ones disappointment令某人失望的事
练：an american may feel angry when he has made a(an)________with someone and then finds a lot of other things happening at the same time.
a.decision b.conclusion c.appointment d.date
提示:本句话的意思为“美国人在和别人已经约定好的时候又发现同时还有其他事情会很生气”，根据短语搭配和语境得出答案。
答案:c
2.nowhere adv. 无处(相当于not anywhere)
例:—where are you going at the weekend?
周末你打算去哪儿？
—nowhere special.
无处可去。
he was getting nowhere with his homework until his sister helped him.
他在姐姐的帮助之下作业才有些进步。
$20 goes nowhere when you are feeding a family these days.
如今要养家的话，二十美元到不了哪儿去。
the children were nowhere to be seen.
孩子们都没有影了。
he that seeks gains.有所求则有所获。
链接•提示
当位于句首时，要使用主谓语倒装的形式否定副词还有not,never,little,seldom,hardly等。
练：(辽宁模拟)maybe you have been to many countries,but nowhere else_______ such a beautiful palace.
a.can you find b.you could find
c.you can find d.could you find
提示:本题考查倒装的句型结构。从时间分析，此处应该表示现在的情况。因为nowhere为否定副词，位于句首时应该使用主谓倒装结构。
答案:a
3.promote v.提升；晋级；促进；助长
讲：在表示“提升；晋级”时，常用于被动语态。
例:she worked hard and was soon promoted.
她工作努力，很快便获得提升。
his assistant was promoted over his head.
他的助手获得了提升，职位超过了他。
the football team was promoted to the first division.
该足球队已晋级为甲级队。
the organization works to promote friendship between nations.
该组织旨在促进各国之间的友谊。
the company is trying to promote a new product.
这家公司在尽力促销一样新产品。
链接•提示
以下动词或短语也表示“提升”。raise vt.;bring up vt.;go up vi.。在使用时，一定要分清词性，命题常从语态入手。
练：the instructor was ________to professor.
a.raising b.promoting c.promoted d.risen
提示:此处表示“由讲师提升为教授”，故使用promote的被动形式。
答案:c
4.reward n.& v.报答；报偿；报酬；酬金；给某人以报酬、奖赏
讲：用于reward sb.for(doing)sth.结构。
例:he worked hard without any hope of reward.
他辛勤工作丝毫不期待报酬。
he was given a medal as a reward for his service.
他因为有功而获颁一枚奖章。
is that how you reward me for my help?
那就是你为了我的帮忙而给我的报酬吗？
rather than being punished,he should be rewarded.
他应受奖励而不是受惩罚。
the nobel peace prize for was rewarded to shirin ebadi,because she made a special contribution to fighting for the basic human rights.
shirin ebadi女士由于为争取基本人权作出的努力而被授予XX年度诺贝尔和平奖。
链接•提示
比较:award v. 颁发；授予；赏给。用法为:award sth. to sb./award sb. sth.。n.奖金
练：—so why do we_________ the people who do them so poorly?
—there can be only one answer－because they are women,and the work is so hard.
a.punish b.blame c.reward d.claim
提示:本题考查动词辨析。从后面一句话所提供的语境分析，此处用动词reward，表示“奖赏”。
答案:c
短语
1.pass away 去世(委婉语)
例:his mother passed away last year.
他母亲去年去世了。
he passed away peacefully this morning.
今天上午他安详地过世了。
链接•拓展
(1)英语和汉语一样，表达死亡根据不同的情况有不同的用词。普通用词为die，pass away为委婉的说法。murder为“暗杀”，kill为“杀死”，hang为“绞死”。
(2)pass down 把……传给后代;pass on 将某物传交给某人，继续前进;pass by从旁边经过;pass off消失;pass through穿过
练：the custom has been_______from generation to generation.
a.passed away b.passed down
c.passed by d.passed off
提示:根据句子意思分析，此处用pass down，表示“该风俗一代代地传下去”。其他短语和语境不相吻合。
答案:b
2.name...after... 给……取名；以……来命名……
讲：该短语中的介词after表示“依据，按照”，在美国英语中可以用for。
例:he named his daughter after/for his grandmother.
他以祖母的名字来给他女儿取名。
the island was named after its discoverer,tasman.
这个岛是以它的发现者塔斯曼的名字来命名的。
链接•拓展
和name相关的短语还有:by name名义上，名叫；by the name of...以……之名；in name only仅在名义上；in the name of以……的名义。
练：washington,a state in the united states,was named ________one of the greatest american presidents, ________him.
a.after;in honour of b.for;in favor of
c.after;in praise of d.for;in place of
提示:根据句意和短语搭配作出选择。“华盛顿市是为了纪念美国的一个总统而以他的名字来命名的。”name after 根据……来命名，in honor of 纪念。
答案:a
句型
1.强调句式
讲：it was the british government that paid for all the equipment.
所有设备都由英国政府付款。
it was joseph banks who made kew a centre of scientific and economic research.
是约瑟夫•班克斯把英国皇家植物园变成了科技和经济研究中心。
it was darwins visit on the beagle to the galapagos isles that gave him the key to his new theory.
达尔文乘“小猎犬号”去加拉帕戈斯群岛的活动使他获得了创建新理论的钥匙。
强调句型的结构为:it is/was+被强调部分+that/who+其余部分。注意:(1)该句型可以用来强调除谓语以外的各种成分。(2)如果原句是现在时态，就用is；如果是过去时态，就用was。(3)被强调部分是人时，可用that或who，其他一律用that。(4)如果被强调的部分是原句的主语，that/who之后的谓语动词在人称和数上与原主语一致。
例:it is the ability to do the job that matters not where you come from or what you are.
重要的是做这项工作的能力，而不是你来自哪里，是干什么的。
it was for this reason that her uncle moved out of new york and settled down in a small village.
正是由于这种原因，她叔叔搬出了纽约，在一个小村里定居。
was it in the morning that they arrived there?
他们是在今天早晨到那儿的吗？
what is it that you want me to say?
你想让我说的到底是什么？
链接•提示
特别要注意强调句型和定语从句的区别。强调句型可在不增加任何成分的前提下还原成陈述句结构，而定语从句不可。在没有把握时可以进行句型的转换，来确定是什么句型，据此选用正确的引导词。
练：(1)(成都诊断检测)whether you believe it or not,it is ________that causes your illness.
a.because of your overweight
b.your being overweight
c.because you are overweight
d.you are so overweight
提示:本题考查非谓语动词结构作主语的用法。从句子结构分析，此处为强调主语的强调句型结构，句子的谓语为causes，所以使用v.ing形式作主语。
答案:b
(2)(华南师大附中综合测试)it was with great joy________ he received the news________ his lost daughter had been found.
a.because;that b.since;which
c.for;about d.that;that
提示:本题考查名词性从句和强调句型的区别用法。第一个that构成强调句型，第二个 that引导同位语从句，说明news的具体内容。
答案:d
2.although 引导让步状语从句
讲：请观察下面教材原句:
although his experiments were designed to support the ideas concerning the influence of environment upon plants,he found that many characteristics were passed on from one generation to the next,without influence by the environment.
selfcontrol is courage under another form.克制是另一种形式下的勇气。
虽然他的试验目的是为了验证环境对植物的影响，但是他却发现许多特性是代代相传的，并不受环境的影响。
although引导让步状语从句，表示“虽然”。although引导的从句不能与but,however连用，但可以与yet,still连用。
例:although it was snowing,it was not very cold.
尽管下着雪，但并不冷。
i was late for the last train although i hurried.
虽然我拼命赶路，还是没搭上最后一班火车。
链接•提示
注意比较although和though的区别:though,although均引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然……”，although较正式，though较常用。though还可以与别的词结合使用，如even though，as though,而although则不能这样搭配。though可以用作副词位于句尾，作“但是、不过”解，还可以用在倒装句中,although不可。
练：_______i prefer a color tv,i have decided to buy a black and white one this time.
a.when b.although c.because d.if
提示:本题考查状语从句的连词用法。根据句子的意思分析，此处应该表示让步，“尽管……还是……”，所以使用although。
答案:b
辨析
1.look out for,look out
两个短语都可以表示“当心”，look out表达此意思时，为不及物动词短语，而look out for后面必须跟名词或代词作宾语。
look out往外看；当心；挑选
he stood at the window and looked out(at the view).
他站在窗前向外望(观看景色)。
look out! 当心！
he looked out some books for a friend in hospital.
他为住院的朋友选一些书。
look out for 当心；留意
look out for cars when crossing the street.
过街时当心车辆。
即时练习:
_________ your step,or you might fall into the water.
a.look out b.take care
c.mind d.notice
提示:此句为“脚下留意”的意思。look out,take care后不能直接跟宾语。
答案:c
2.expense,cost
expense n. “花费；代价；费用”，表示“花费的钱”时为可数名词。短语at sb.s expense由某人付钱；at great/little/no expense 花费很大/很小/没有花费；at the expense of在损失……的情况下。expensive adj.昂贵的
cost n.“价钱；价格；费用”，这时和expense通常可以换用，cost还可以表示“代价、损失”。短语at the cost of=at the expense of；at cost的意思为“按成本价格”；at all costs不惜一切代价。
即时练习:
(1)most children in britain are educated at the public________.
(2)i want the best you can supply;you need spare no ________.
(3)he finished the ________job at the of his health.
(4)he had his book printed at his own ________.
(5)house repairs,holidays and other ________reduced her bank balance to almost nothing.
(6)the goods are sold at ________.
(7)we must at all ________prevent them finding out about the plan.
答案:(1)expense (2)expense (3)cost/expense (4)expense (5)expenses (6)cost (7)costs
实例点拔
【例1】(福建模拟)the dictionary is being printed and it will soon __________.
a.turn out b.come out c.start out d.go out
提示:turn out(to be) 结果是……，证明为……；come out 出版，发行；start out 出发；go out 出去。根据句意“词典将出版”，可知come out正确。
答案:b
讲评:注意短语动词的意思要和语境结合起来。
2023高考英语一轮复习Unit 第6篇
XX高考英语一轮教学案大纲版
unit 20
理解:要点诠释
单词
1.intend
讲: v. 意欲；打算；原本是要……；原意要……
例：he intends to study abroad next year.
他打算明年到国外留学。
he intends his son to manage the company.
他打算让儿子经营公司。
this book was intended for you,but he took it away.
这本书是要给你的，但让他拿走了。
this was intended to be a picture of a cat.
这幅画原本是要画猫的。
链接•提示
(1)intend to do打算/意欲干某事
(2)intend sb. to do打算让某人干某事
(3)intend that...(should)建议/主张……
(4)(be)intended for/as sth./to be/to do为……计划(打算或设计)的
练：(1)the international agreement, ________ encourage children not to smoke and help people kick the habit,was signed on february 27.
a.intending to b.being intended to
c.intended to d.to intend to
提示:be intended to do为……打算或设计的。
答案:c
(2)my father ________ my brother for driving but he wanted to pick ________ the knowledge of the computer during his spare time.
a.advised;up b.persuaded;out
c.intended;up d.managed;out
提示:短语intend sb.for sth.意为“打算让某人做某事”。
答案:c
2.suffer
讲: v. 受苦；患病；遭受；忍受
例：his health suffered terribly from heavy drinking.
他的健康因豪饮而严重受损。
the village is suffering from depopulation.
那个村庄正为人口减少而苦恼。
he is suffering from a bad cold.
链接•提示
(1)suffer from因……而遭罪;患……病
(2)suffering n. 痛苦；苦难
练：(1)on the way to the west they were accustomed to ________ their animals ________ from heat,thirst,and starvation.
a.seeing;to suffer b.see;to suffer
c.seeing;suffering d.saw;suffered
提示:accustomed to sth./doing sth.的意思是“习惯于……”，因而第一空用动名词，排除b、d两项；依据see sb./sth. do/doing结构排除a 项。
答案:c
(2)(河南郑州预测) ________ such a heavy loss,the businessman didn’t have the courage to go on.
a.having suffered b.suffering
c.to suffer d.suffered
提示:句意为:由于遭受巨大损失，这个商人没有勇气再干下去了。“遭受损失”在前，因而用现在分词的完成式作状语。
答案:a
3.operate
讲: v. 运转；操作；起作用；经营；管理；动手术
例：this sewing machine doesn’t operate properly.
这台缝纫机无法正常运作。
the company operates ten factories.
那家公司经营10个工厂。
the surgeon decided to operate on her.
医生决定给她动手术。
链接•提示
(1)operate在表示“操作；管理；经营”时，为及物动词，同义词有run,manage等；表示“动手术”时为不及物动词，跟宾语时需使用介词on，被动语态中介词on不可省略。
(2)operation手术;操作
(3)operator 操作员;接线员
练：the doctor said that the patient had ________ at once.
a.to operate b.to be operated
c.operated d.to be operated on
提示:operate作“动手术”讲时，是不及物动词，表示“给某人动手术”用短语operate on sb.，在被动语态中，介词on应该保留。
答案:d
短语
1.make fun of
讲:该短语的义项有“嘲弄；取笑；拿……开玩笑”。
例：please don’t make fun of me when i am not feeling well.
我心情不好时请不要跟我开玩笑。
the actors make us laugh by making fun of somebody’s way of dressing or telling an amusing story.
表演者通过取笑别人的穿着方式或讲述有趣的故事来引我们发笑。
链接•拓展
make构成的短语
(1)make a/one’s living 谋生
(2)make a success/go of 使成功
(3)make the bed 铺床
(4)make believe 假装
(5)make ends meet 使收支相抵；应付开支；维持生活
(6)make up one’s mind决心；决定；肯定
(7)make sure(of sth./that...)确保；设法保证；查明；核实
(8)make up编写；捏造；构成；占；化妆；上装；补上（功课）；赶上
(9)make use of使用；利用
(10)make money赚钱；获利
(11)make one’s way to/out of 向……走去；/从……走出来
(12)make a/no/some,etc.difference(to/in...)有(或没有、有些等)作用，关系，影响
练：(1)i feel silly in these clothes.everyone will ______ me.
a.worry about b.make fun of
c.get rid of d.take interest in
提示:make fun of意为“嘲弄，取笑”，句意为：我穿着这些衣服滑稽可笑，我担心别人会笑话我。
答案:b
(2)—i want to know whether we shall go rafting today or tomorrow.
—does that make any ________?
a.change b.importance
c.difference d.value
提示:make some difference意为“有区别”，句意为“我想知道我们是今天去漂流还是明天去。这有什么区别吗？”
答案:c
2.look on/upon...as
讲:该短语的义项有“把……看作……”。
例：i decided to look on the whole matter as a great joke!
我决定把整个事件看成一个大笑话。
i look on her as a promising pianist.
我认为她是一个很有前途的钢琴家。
do you look on him as an authority on the subject?
你认为他是这问题的权威吗？
链接•拓展
(1)look on旁观
(2)look forward to希望；盼望（to为介词）
they were looking forward to the summer vacation.
他们正盼望着暑假来临。
(3)look into往里看；调查
the committee is looking into the cause of the accident.
委员会正在调查这次事故的原因。
(4)look over瞭望；越过……看；检查
a strange man was looking over the wall.
一个陌生人正在向围墙里面瞭望。
(5)look through浏览；审查
i looked through several magazines in the beauty shop.
我在美容院翻阅了几本杂志。
练：we look on john _______ a good monitor,so we’d like to vote _______ him.
a.for;for b.as;for c.for;against d.as;against
提示:依据短语look on...as排除a、c两项；vote for sb./sth.的意思是“投票赞成”，vote against的意思是“投票反对”。从上文意思看，应该使用vote for。故选b。
答案:b
3.date back to
讲:该短语的义项有“可追溯到……；是……时代开始的”。
例：this town dates back to tang dynasty.
这个小镇的历史可以追溯到唐朝。
the hostility between the two nationalities dates back to ancient times.
这两个民族之间的敌对状态始于古代。
链接•拓展
(1)date from=date back to始于
date back to和date from不可用于被动语态。
(2)bring...up to date 使……赶上时代；使……成为最新之物；给与（某人有关……的）最新消息资料（on,about）
all the equipment has to be brought up to date.
所有装备必须予以更新。
(3)out of date过时的；旧式的
this encyclopedia has gone out of date.
这部百科全书已过时了。
(4)up to date迄今；直到现在；最新的；现代的
our computer is up to date.
我们的电脑是最新式的。
(5)without date没有日期的；［美］无期限的
练：this old temple _________ the 12th century.now it is well protected.
a.is dated back to b.is dated from
c.is dated by d.dates back to
提示:date back to和date from无被动形式，故选d。
答案:d
句型
no matter+疑问词引导状语从句
讲：注意观察下面教材原句:
good communication is so important no matter what your job is.
无论你的工作是什么，好的交往是非常重要的。
the temperature is controlled with computers,no matter how the weather is outside.
不管室外天气如何变化，室内温度由计算机控制。
例：no matter what their age,their job,their sex,the results were completely clear:women have more friendships than men.
无论年龄，职业，性别，结果非常明确:女人比男人有更多的友谊。
besides,no matter how well a poem is translated,something of the spirit of the original work is lost.
另外，无论一首诗翻译地多么好，原文的精髓部分已经丢失了。
链接•提示
no matter+疑问词引导状语从句时，可以用疑问词+ever结构代替。但要注意疑问词＋ever还可以引导名词性从句。
练：________ difficult it may be,we are sure to stick to our principle.
a.how b.no matter how
c.what d.no matter what
提示:本题考查引导让步状语从句的引导词，how和what不可引导让步状语，排除a、c两项；由于引导词修饰形容词difficult，故选b。
答案:b
辨析
1.fast,quick,rapid
(1)fast多指运动或动作的人或物体本身具有快速的特点。如a fast train。
(2)quick一般指迅速的、一瞬间的或短暂的动作，并不强调速度，如a quick look(reply,meal)。
(3)催促人走路或做事要快，用quick,不用fast。如be quick!
(4)指钟表的快要用fast,不用quick。
(5)指人的动作“快”要用fast。
(6)rapid侧重动作本身，有急促的含义，它所指的动作可能是一个或一连串的。rapid还可用来指水流急速或进步迅速。
即时练习:
(1)it may be a very ________ car,but it uses a lot of petrol.
(2)tom made a ________ answer to the question.
(3)you’re very________ ,aren’t you?
(4)the clock is five minutes ________.
(5)the improvement in his english is ________.
答案:(1)fast (2)quick (3)fast (4)fast (5)rapid
2.create,invent,discover,find,find out
(1)create主要意思是“创造”，即产生出新的东西，其对象往往是精神上的，如艺术、文学作品中的人物以及新的科学领域等，也可创造出新的具体事物。名词:creation创造；creator创造者。
(2)invent主要意思是“发明”，也是产生出前所未有的东西，但其对象往往是物质性的。名词:invention发明；inventor发明者。
(3)discover主要意思是“发现”，其对象是一直存在的，但以往未被人们了解的东西，如元素、地域或客观规律等。名词:discovery发现；discoverer发现者。
(4)find主要指发现、找到丢失的东西或人。
(5)find out查明真相；弄清，同义词为make sure。
即时练习:
(1)the idea that god ________ the world is wrong.
(2)thomas edison ________the first small electric lamp.
(3)they never ________ how to open the box.
(4)i was surprised when i ________ you in the bus.
(5)did you ________ the book you lost?
(6)please ________ who broke into the house last night.
答案:(1)created (2)invented (3)discovered (4)found (5)find (6)find out
诱思:实例点拨
【例1】 (浙江模拟) the old tower must be saved, ________ the cost.
a.however b.whatever c.whichever d.wherever
提示:考查连词及省略句，补全句子应为 “the cost is”，从结构看选项作表语，而however多用来加强程度，后接形容词或副词。故选b。
答案:b
【例2】 (江西模拟) cars do cause us some healthy problems—in fact far more serious ________ than mobile phones do.
a.one b.ones c.it d.those
提示:替代上文出现的同类事物中的一个用one，复数用ones；而it与that都表示特指，所以不要误选that的复数those。故选b。
答案:b
讲评:解考查指示代词it，one和that的题时，要牢记one为泛指同类，而it和that表示特指。
2023高考英语一轮复习Unit 第7篇
XX高考英语一轮教学案大纲版
unit 6
理解：要点诠释
单词
1.introduce
讲：vt.介绍；引见；主持（节目）；推行；传入
introduction n.介绍；引见；引进；推行；序言；引言
例：will you introduce your friend to me?
请你向我介绍一下你的朋友好吗？
the company is introducing a new range of products this year.
公司今年将推出一系列新产品。
by way of introduction,let me give you the background to the story.
作为引言，我先来介绍一下故事的背景。
链接•拓展
介绍人的用语以及被介绍后的客套用语
介绍分为自我介绍和介绍他人。自我介绍一般先提出自我介绍的意向，说出自己的姓名、身份等。一般可以说:
please allow me to introduce myself.
let me introduce myself.
may i introduce myself?my name is...
i’m...
比较随便的场合可以说:
hello,my name is...或hi,i’m...
介绍他人时一般需要介绍双方的姓名以及与介绍人的关系。如:
bob,let me introduce my friend peter.peter,this is my friend bob.
tang lin,i want to introduce my friend,jane.
介绍后，被介绍双方的客套语:
i’m pleased/glad/delighted to meet you.
it’s nice to meet you.
常用省略形式:pleased/glad to meet you.
练：(1)the factory is_________new techniques from abroad this year.
a.bringing b.borrowing c.introducing d.buying
提示:从句意看应该使用动词introduce，introduce sth.in/into...引进，采用。
答案:c
(2)—let me introduce myself.i’m albert.
—_________
a.what a pleasure! b.it’s my pleasure.
c.i’m very pleased. d.pleased to meet you.
提示:本题考查介绍后的客套用语，应礼貌地说“见到你很高兴”。
答案:d
2.advise
讲：v.忠告；劝告；建议
主要搭配形式为:1)+名（代）词；2)+动名词；3)+疑问词+不定式；4)+名（代）词+不定式；5)+that-从句；6)+名（代）词+wh-从句
advice n.建议；劝告；忠告；意见
不可数名词，其后的介词多用on，也可以用about。
例：i’d advise buying your tickets well in advance if you want to travel in august.
要是想在八月份去旅行，我建议及早购票。
i advised him that he(should) stop smoking.
(=i advised him to stop smoking.)
我建议他戒烟。
it is strongly advised that you take out some form of medical insurance.
竭诚劝你办理某种医疗保险。
you should follow your doctor’s advice.
你应该遵从医嘱。
i did it on his advice.我这是照他的嘱咐办的。
链接•拓展
(1)advise后接从句时，从句中的谓语动词多用“(should)+动词原形”。
(2)advise可以跟动名词作宾语，不可直接跟不定式作宾语，但可以跟“疑问词+不定式”作宾语。
(3)advise可以用不定式作宾语补足语。
(4)常见词组
a/several piece(s)of advice 一(几)条建议
ask sb.for advice向某人征求建议
give(sb.)advice(给某人)提出建议
take/accept/follow one’s advice接受/采纳某人的建议
advise sb.to do建议某人做……
练：(1)—i_______him to give up smoking.
—did he agree to?
—no result.
a.advised b.persuaded c.suggested d.heard
提示:suggest不能接不定式作宾补；hear接不定式作宾补时，不定式不带to；persuade sb.to do表示“(成功)劝说某人做某事”，从后文看，没劝成。故选a。
答案:a
(2)jack should have taken the doctor’s advice that he______in bed for a couple of days.
a.lies b.lie c.must lie d.lay
提示:advice后的同位语从句中谓语动词用should+动词原形，或省略should。故选b。
答案:b
(3)i often_______him for advice in my work and he is always willing to_______me some.
a.give；ask b.ask；give c.ask；take d.give；give
提示:依据advice的常见搭配，以及题干中的him for advice判断，第一空应该填ask，排除a、d两项；第二空如果填take，句意矛盾。故选b。句意为:我经常在工作中向他请教，他也乐于给我些指点。
答案:b
3.apologise/apologize
讲：vi.认错；道歉
apology n.道歉
例：i apologized to her on stepping on her foot.
我因踩到她的脚向她道歉。
how dare you say to her like that! you’d better make an apology to her at once.
你怎么能这样同她说话！你最好立即向她道歉。
链接•提示
apologise/apologize to sb.for sth./doing sth.因某事/做某事向某人道歉
make/offer an apology to sb.for sth.因某事向某人道歉
accept/refuse an apology接受/拒绝道歉
say sorry to sb.for sth.因某事向某人道歉
练：he apologized for_______to inform me of the change in the plan.
a.his being not able b.him not to be able
c.his not being able d.him to be not able
提示:句意为:他因没能通知我计划已改变而道歉。“因某事向某人道歉”用apologize to sb.for （doing） sth.，排除b、d项；动名词的否定式为not doing，故选c。his not being able是动名词的复合结构。
答案:c
短语
1.stare at sb./sth.
讲：该短语意为：盯着看；凝视；注视
例：i stared blankly at the paper in front of me.
我茫然地看着眼前这张纸。
链接•拓展
(1)glare at 怒目而视
he didn’t shout,he just glared at me silently.
他没有喊叫，只是默默地怒视着我。
(2)be staring sb.in the face 明摆着；显而易见；必定发生
the answer was staring us in the face.
答案明摆在我们面前。
defeat was staring them in the face.
他们必遭失败。
(3)be staring sth.in the face 不可避免
they were staring defeat in the face.
对他们来说，失败不可避免。
练：the child was interested in what the old man was doing.he_______the old man’s hands.
a.glared at b.stared at c.took away d.laughed at
答案:b
2.be busy with sth./be busy doing sth.
讲：be busy with sth.忙于某事（表状态）
be busy doing sth.忙于做某事（强调动作）
例：i’m busy writing a novel.
我在忙着写小说。
she is busy with the housework all day long.
她整天忙着家务活。
链接•拓展
keep sb.busy doing sth.使某人忙于做某事
we are kept busy preparing for the coming party.
我们在忙着准备晚会。
练：—what were you doing when i rang you last night?
—i was busy______ the housework and kept my son busy_______his homework.
a.at；doing b.with；doing c.at；to do d.with；to do
答案:b
3.mean to do sth.和mean doing sth.
讲：mean to do sth.有意或打算干某事
mean doing sth.意味着干某事
例：i don’t mean to say we’re perfect.
我并不是说我们是完美的。
i meant to call on you,but i was too busy.
我是想来看你的，可是我太忙了。
i won’t wait if it means delaying a week or so.
如果这意味着等一周左右，我就不等了。
链接•拓展
接动名词和动词不定式意义不同的动词:
remember doing 记得做过某事
remember to do 记住去做某事
forget doing 忘了做过某事
forget to do 忘了去做某事
try doing 试一试，试着做
try to do 尽力做
stop doing 停止做某事
stop to do 停下（某事）去做另外一件事
练：(1)in some parts of london,missing a bus means________for another hour.
a.waiting b.to wait c.wait d.having waited
提示:在伦敦的一些地区，错过了公共汽车就意味着再等一个小时。
答案:a
(2)（北京模拟） when asked by the police,he said that he remembered______at the party,but not_________.
a.to arrive；leaving b.to arrive；to leave
c.arriving；leaving d.arriving；to leave
提示:当警察问他时，他说他记得到达晚会了，但不记得离开的事。
答案:c
句型
1.how/what about...?
讲：注意观察教材原句:
how about you?你怎么样？
how/what about...?常用来询问消息、征求对方的意见或向对方提出建议，意思是“……怎么样？”about后接名词、代词或动名词。动名词可以有逻辑主语。
例：—what about having a drink?
喝一杯怎么样？
—just a little,please.好吧，喝一点。
i’ m having fish.what about you?
我吃鱼，你呢？
what about a break?
休息一下如何？
链接•拓展
英语中表达“……怎么样？”的结构
(1)how do/does...like?用来询问对某事的感觉，即喜欢不喜欢。
—how do you like the book?
你认为这本书怎么样？
—it is well worth reading.
它很值得一读。
(2)what is...like?用来询问人或事物的特征，即人的外貌或品德，以及天气状况。
what is the weather like today?
今天天气怎么样？
(3)how is/are...?的主语是人时，用来询问身体健康状况。
how is your father,xiao wang?
小王，你父亲的身体怎么样了？
练：(1)（江苏模拟） —how about putting some pictures into the report?
—______a picture is worth a thousand words.
a.no way. b.why not? c.all right? d.no matter.
提示:how about putting some pictures into the report提出建议，why not表回应。
答案:b
(2)—_________?
—he is clever and always ready to help others.
a.what is he like b.how is he like
c.what is he d.how is he
提示:答语说“他聪明、乐于助人”，这是对这个人的品德的评价，故选a。
答案:a
2.would/should like/love
讲：注意观察教材原句:
if it isn’t too cold for you,i would like to invite you to come and visit me in the north of china over the next holiday in january.
如果对你来说不太冷的话，我想邀请你在一月份的下一个假期里来华北看看。
would/should like/love to do sth.表示主语“想要做某事”；would/should like sth.意思是“想要某物”。主语为第一人称时，可以用should，也可以用would，其他人称用would。
例：i’d like/love to have a cup of tea.
我想喝杯茶。
链接•拓展
(1)would like sb.to do sth.表示主语“想要别人做某事”。
(2)请求对方做某事时，常用:would you like to do...?其答语为:yes,i’d like to./yes,i’d love to./yes,i’ll be happy to./sorry,but i’m busy.
(3)请对方吃或喝点什么时，常用would you like some...?或would you like a/another...?对方的答语常是:yes,please./just a little,please./no,thanks.i’ve had enough./i’m full,thank you.
练：—would you like______the meeting?
—no.i would like you______the meeting instead of me.
a.attending；to attend b.to attend；to attend
c.to attend；attending d.attending；attending
答案:b
辨析
1.raise,rise
rise(rose,risen)是不及物动词，主要意思为:升起；上升；上涨；站起身；起床。
raise(raised,raised)是及物动词，主要意思为:抬起；提高；饲养；养大。
即时练习:
(1)he ________his voice so as to be heard.
(2)she _______and left the room.
(3)she _______four pigs and many chickens.
(4)the sun _______and bathed the earth in its glow.
(5)the river is _______after the rain.so we can’t swim in it.
答案:(1)raised (2)rose (3)raises (4)rose (5)rising
2.spend,cost,take,pay
以上四个词使用的句型不同:
(1)sb.spend some time/money on sth.或sb.spend some time/money(in) doing sth.
(2)sth.cost sb.some money/time/life/health
(3)it takes sb.some time to do sth.或sb.take some time to do sth.
(4)sb.pay(sb.)some money(for)sth.
即时练习:
(1)it_______him three years to write the book.(=he ______three years writing the book.)
(2)every year he _______a lot of money on books/in buying books.
(3)this dictionary __________me 100 yuan.
(4)making an experiment like that _________much time and labour.
(5)careless driving may __________you your life.
(6)they have decided to _________70 000 yuan for the newly-built house.
(7)we’ll _______you in a few days,when i have money.
答案:(1)took(spent) (2)spends (3)cost (4)costs (5)cost (6)pay (7)pay
3.the one,one,it,that的替代用法
the one,one,it,that 可以用来替代前文出现的名词，简述如下:
(1)the one用来替代同类事物中特指的一个，复数用the ones。
(2)one用来替代上文提到的同类名词中的一个，表泛指，相当于“a(n)+名词”。复数用ones。
(3)it指上文提到的同一事物。
(4)that用来替换上文出现的带定冠词的名词（可数或不可数）。复数用those。
即时练习:
(1)the finger i put into my mouth was not _______i had dipped into the cup.
(2)i need a bike.lend me_________.
(3)i want to use your bike.could you lend _________to me?
(4)the study of idioms is as important as _________of grammar.
(5)—do you have a camera?
—no,but tom has________.he bought _________a week ago.
(6)when you see two spoons,the big ________is for the soup and the small _______for the dessert.
(7)the knife and fork that are closest to your plate are a little bit bigger than _______beside them.
答案:(1)the one (2)one (3)it (4)that (5)one,it (6)one,one (7)the ones
诱思：实例点点拨
【例1】 （山东潍坊统考） the hours _______the children spend in their one-way relationship with television people undoubtedly affect their relationships with reallife people.
a.when b.that c.in which d.on which
提示：本题考查定语从句。that引导定语从句，又在从句中作spend的宾语。
答案：b
【例2】 （北京模拟） —why does she always ask you for help?
—there is no one else _________,is there?
a.who to turn to b.she can turn to c.for whom to turn d.for her to turn
提示:“向某人求助”用turn to sb.，排除c、d项。a项who to turn to缺少谓语。故选b，省略了关系代词whom。
答案:b
讲评:“介词+关系代词” 引导的定语从句是定语从句中的重点、难点。选择该结构中的介词的原则是:
(1)根据从句中的谓语动词的搭配习惯；
(2)根据先行词的搭配习惯；
(3)表“所有”关系或“整体中的一部分”时，用of。
解题时可以将定语从句改为一般陈述句，然后将介词与定语从句所修饰的词搭配后放入句中，依据搭配习惯选择答案，如本句可以改为:she can turn to no one else.
【例3】 （湖北模拟） her sister has become a lawyer,________she wanted to be.
a.who b.that c.what d.which
提示:句意为:她的姐姐成为一名律师，这是她梦寐以求的。非限制性定语从句，关系代词which指代前面那件事，在定语从句作表语。
答案:d
【例4】 （天津模拟） last month,part of south-east asia was struck by floods,from ______effects the people are still suffering.
a.that b.whose c.those d.what
提示:定语从句可以理解为:the people are still suffering from the flood’s effects。故选b。
答案:b
讲评:whose引导定语从句时，先行词即可以是表人的词也可以是表物的词，意思是“……的”，在定语从句中作定语。
is there any room whose window faces the sea?
有窗户朝向大海的房间吗？
i know a student whose handwriting is good.
我认识一位书法很好的学生。
2023高考英语一轮复习Unit 第8篇
XX高考英语一轮教学案大纲版
unit 14
理解:要点诠释
单词
1.purpose
讲：n. 目的（可数名词）；用途；效果（不可数名词）
例：i didn’t meet him for the mere purpose of talking.
我并不是仅为了谈话才见他。
he went to town on purpose to sell one of his paintings.
他为了卖自己的一幅画而特意进城。
his explanation was not to the purpose.
他的解释不得要领。
链接•提示
(1)for practical purposes实际上
(2)on purpose故意；有意地(其反义词组为by chance或by accident“偶然”)
(3)answer/serve one’s purpose符合需要
(4)carry out a purpose实现目标
练：i’m sorry to have hurt you,but i didn’t do it ________.
a.on purpose b.in common
c.on occasion d.on the purpose
提示:on purpose意为“故意地”;in common意为“共同，相似”;on occasion意为“偶尔地”。从句意看应用on purpose。
答案:a
2.respect
讲：n.&v.尊敬；尊重；考虑；重视
讲：作名词时常为不可数名词，复数respects的意思为“问候，问好”，相当于regards,wishes。
例：children should show respect for their teachers.
孩子应该尊敬老师。
my mother sends her respects to you.
我母亲向你问好。
if you don’t respect yourself,how can you expect others to respect you?
如果你不尊重自己，怎么期望别人尊重你？
链接•提示
respect构成的短语
(1)pay respect to 考虑；尊重
(2)with respect to关于
(3)without respect to 不管；不考虑
(4)in respect of涉及；关于；在……方面
(5)as respects就……而言;关于
练：mr.zhang,_______ for his bravery,gains everyone’s ______.
a.honour;respect b.honour;respected
c.honored;respected d.honored;respect
提示:be honored for 因……而受表彰，此处考查过去分词短语作定语。respect此处是名词。
答案:d
3.gift
讲：n.礼物（同义词present）;捐赠；天才;天赋
例：he made a gift of $10 000 to his old high school.
他捐赠一万美元给他的高中母校。
he is a boy of many gifts.
他是一个多才多艺的孩子。
he has a gift for music.
他有音乐天赋。
链接•提示
(1)have a gift for sth.有……的天赋
(2)have a gift of doing sth.有做某事的天资
(3)gifted adj.有天赋的；有天资的
a gifted musician一位有天赋的音乐家
(4)skilled adj.有技术的
(5)experienced adj.有经验的
练：________he had for trade with agricultural products!
a.what a great gift b.what a beautiful gift
c.how beautiful a present d.how beautiful a gift
提示:have a gift for为固定词组，意思是“有……的天赋”，选项是对名词gift发出感叹，故选a。
答案:a
短语
1.take in
讲:该短语的义项有“欺骗；使上当；订阅(报刊)；听进去；领会；接活干；收留”。
例：the kind old lady offered to take in the poor homeless stranger.
这位好心的老太太主动收容那位可怜的无家可归的陌生人。
the tour takes in some famous old castles.
这趟观光旅行包括参观若干著名的古堡。
the salesmen have taken in the old people and made them buy their poor quality goods.
那些推销员欺骗老人，让他们购买劣质货物。
it took me a long time to take in what you were saying.
花了我很长时间理解你说的话。
can you take in this dress for me?it’s too loose round the waist.
你能把这件衣服改小一下吗？腰部太肥。
链接•拓展
(1)take along带……一起去
(2)take away拿走；带走
(3)take back取回；归还
(4)take off除去；脱掉；动身；起飞
(5)take on雇佣；承担；呈现
(6)take up拿起；占空间；消耗时间；开始从事；继续
(7)take place 发生
(8)take the place of代替
练：(1)my cousin doesn’t know what to ________ at the university;he isn’t sure about his future.
a.take on b.take away
c.take up d.take after
提示:依据句意选c项，意思是“学习，从事”。
答案:c
(2)(江苏南京一模) april fool’s day is coming.be careful not to be ______ when others play tricks on you.
a.brought in b.caught in
c.taken in d.made in
提示:本题考查四个含in的动词短语辨析。bring in引进，catch in抓住，take in上当，欺骗，be made in在……制造。
答案:c
2.dress up
讲：该短语的义项有“盛装；打扮；装饰”。
例：you don’t need to dress up for this dinner.
你不必为这次晚宴而打扮。
i just love the fun of dressing up in ancient clothing.
我喜欢穿上古装的乐趣。
the little girl dressed herself up as an angle.
这小姑娘把自己装扮成天使。
链接•拓展
(1)be dressed in穿着
the lady was dressed in white at the party.
那女士在晚会上穿着一件白色衣服。
(2)be well/poorly dressed穿着考究/破烂
(3)get dressed穿衣服
(4)dress down 责骂某人；斥责；穿着随便
he dressed down while working in the field.
在地里干活时他穿着很随便。
for this my boss dressed me down for a while.
为此老板斥责了我半天。
练：(1)as it turned out to be a small house party,we________ so formally(正式地).
a.needn’t dress up b.did not need have dressed up
c.did not need dress up d.needn’t have dressed up
提示:事实证明这是一次小型的家庭聚会，我们原本没有必要打扮得那么正式。needn’t have done没有必要那么做，实际上做了。
答案:d
(2)—who is your brother?
—the boy _________in blue.
a.is dressing b.is dressed
c.dressed d.dressing
提示:本题受思维定式的影响，很容易误选b项。答语是个省略句，补全为:the boy in blue is my brother.，可以看出选项是作定语的分词短语，依据dress的用法，选c。
答案:c
句型
each time引导状语从句
讲：注意观察下面教材原句:
each time we celebrate a festival it changes a little and in that way we keep our culture alive.
每次庆祝节日都会有一点变化,这样我们的文化发展才有生机。
each time在此相当于连接副词的作用，引导时间状语从句。表示动作的习惯性、经常性，即从句描述的不是一次性动作，而是经常发生的习惯性动作。也可以用every time表示。
例：each time we made mistakes in our homework,he would ask us to correct them.
每次我们作业中出错，他总是要求我们改正。
every time i saw him,i was overcome by his brilliance.
每次见到他，都为他的聪颖倾倒。
链接•提示
1.含有time等名词的结构引导的时间状语从句
every/each time(每次),the moment(一……就),the minute(一……就)等可以引导时间状语从句，其作用相当于连词。
next time you’re here let’s have lunch together.
下次你来这里，我们一起吃午饭。
i want to see him the minute he arrives.
他一到我就要见他。
2.表示“一……就……”的句型
(1)immediately引导状语从句
(2)the moment/the minute/the instant+从句
(3)directly/instantly+从句
(4)as soon as+从句
(5)on/upon+n./doing
(6)no sooner had+主语＋过去分词＋than＋从句
(7)hardly had+主语＋过去分词＋when＋从句
练：(1)—how should i deal with new words in reading?
—well,you’d better not stop ________you come to a word or phrase you don’t know.
a.every time b.the time
c.a time d.one time
提示:every time引导时间状语从句,意思是“每当”。
答案:a
(2)(云南统一检测) —did you remember to give jenny the video tape?
—yes._______ i saw her.
a.so long as b.any time
c.whenever d.the moment
提示:the moment i saw her表示“我一看到她就（给她）”，故选d。
答案:d
辨析
a bit,a little
(1)在肯定句中作状语，修饰动词、形容词、副词及其比较级时，可以互换。
(2)作定语时，它们修饰不可数名词，而a little直接跟名词，a bit要加of，才能接名词。
(3)a bit与not连用时，意思是“一点也不”，相当于not at all；a little与not连用时，意思是“非常”，相当于very。
即时练习:
(1)in fact,this is__________ bigger than that one.
(2)we can go on with it or have a rest because i’m only__________ tired.
(3)i am not__________ tired,so we needn’t have a rest.
(4)i am not __________tired,and we must have a rest.
(5)there is only__________ food left for lunch.
(6)there is only __________of food left for lunch.
答案:(1)a little(a bit) (2)a bit(a little) (3)a bit (4)a little (5)a little (6)a bit
诱思：实例点拨
【例1】 (四川成都诊断检测) a lot of coal miners died on the job last year, _______the local government to shut nearly 500 small mines in shanxi province alone.
a.forcing b.to force c.forced d.has forced
提示：本题考查非谓语动词。force与前面整句话的意义形成主谓关系，所以用forcing作结果状语。
答案：a
讲评：作非谓语动词作状语的题时，关键要弄清非谓语动词与其逻辑主语之间的关系。
【例2】 (浙江模拟) mrs taylor has _______8yearold daughter who has________ gift for painting —she has won two national prizes.
a.a;a b.an;the c.an;a d.the;a
提示:考查冠词及固定搭配。eight是元音开头，之前冠词用an，排除a、d两项；have a gift for为固定词组，意思为“有……的天赋”。
答案:c
讲评:平时学习中，对冠词，特别是固定搭配中冠词的用法要特别注意。
【例3】 (湖南模拟) _________ in a white uniform,he looks more like a cook than a doctor.
a.dressed b.to dress c.dressing d.having dressed
提示:dress只能用于dress sb./oneself或be dressed in，或者只能用于不及物动词形式，或者用过去分词形式作状语或定语。
答案:a
讲评:解本题的关键在于正确掌握dress的用法。
2023高考英语一轮复习Unit 第9篇
XX高考英语一轮教学案大纲版
unit 10
理解：要点诠释
单词
1.lead
讲：v.带路；领路；引领；通向；通往；处于首位；处于领先地位；领导
n.领先地位；领先的距离；超前量
例：he led the horse back into the stable.
他把马牵回了马厩。
the department led the world in cancer research.
这个系在癌症研究方面走在世界前列。
the champion is leading by 18 seconds.
冠军领先了18秒。
who will lead the party in the next election?
下一届选举谁来领导这个党？
he managed to hold a lead of two seconds over his closest rival.
他比跟的最紧的对手勉强领先两秒钟。
the polls have given labour of five-point lead.
投票选举中工党领先五个百分点。
链接•提示
(1)lead to 导致；造成(后果)；通向
(2)lead sb.to sth.使得出(结论、观点)
what led you to this conclusion?
你是如何得出这个结论的？
练：(1)with the boy ______the way,we had no _______finding my aunt’s house.
a.showed；difficulty b.leading；difficulty
c.led；trouble d.showing；troubles
提示:boy与其补足语有逻辑上的主谓关系，因此补足语不可用过去分词，故排除a、c两项；在have trouble (in) doing sth.中trouble不可用复数，故选b。
答案:b
(2)the captain’s carelessness ______the accident,as a result of which the ship sank and more than 800 people lost their lives.
a.led to b.gave off c.made of d.developed into
提示:lead to导致；give off发出；develop into发展成。只有lead to与句意相符，故选a。句意为:船长的粗心导致了这次事故，结果轮船沉没，800多人丧生。
答案:a
2.measure
讲：v.测量；度量；有……的尺寸；估量；判断
n.措施；方法；尺度；程度
例：he’s gone to be measured for a new coat.
他去量尺寸做新衣服。
the main bedroom measures 5 metres by 7 metres.
主卧宽5米，长7米。
she works hard and doesn’t measure the cost to her health.
她工作勤恳，并不考虑身体的代价。
she achieved some measures of success with her first book.
她的第一部书就取得了相当的成功。
链接•提示
(1)make clothes to one’s own measure量体裁衣
(2)take measures(to do sth.)采取措施(做……)
(3)take measures against采取措施反对/制止
练：_______should be _______to protect the river from being polluted.
a.a measure；taken b.measure；made
c.a measure；made d.measures；taken
提示:句意为:应该采取措施来保护河水不受污染。measure作“措施、手段”讲时，常用复数形式，排除a、c两项；“采取措施做某事”用take measures to do sth.，本句使用了被动语态。故选d。
答案:d
3.common
讲：adj.共有的；共享的；共同的；常见的；通常的；普遍的
例：they share a common interest in photograph.
他们拥有共同的摄影爱好。
wheat fields and corn fields are common here.
这儿普遍种植小麦和玉米。
such people as you describe are very common now.
你描写的这种人很常见。
链接•提示
(1)in common共有；共用
(2)have nothing in common无共同之处
(3)have little in common几乎无共同之处
(4)have something in common有一些共同之处
(5)have a lot in common有许多共同之处
练：（河北石家庄质量检测） harry visited the bookstore every week.he became such a ________ customer that the bookseller gave him some books as presents.
a.common b.normal c.usual d.regular
提示:根据常识，书店一般赠给老顾客书籍作为礼物，故选regular,a regular customer常客，老主顾。
答案:d
短语
1.in danger
讲：该短语意为：在危险中。
例：children’s lives are in danger every time they cross this road.
孩子们每次过这条马路都面临着生命危险。
the building is in danger of collapsing.
这栋建筑有塌倒的危险。
how many factory workers are in danger of losing their jobs?
有多少工厂的工人可能失业？
he had a car accident and his life is in danger.
他遭遇车祸，有生命危险。
链接•拓展
(1)be out of danger 脱险
(2)be dangerous 危险的，指人或物是“危险的”，即可给人或物造成或带来危险。
the traffic here is very dangerous for children.
这里的交通对孩子很危险。
the prisoners who escaped are violent and dangerous.
这些逃犯残暴而危险。
练：this patient seems to be_______ losing his life but children hope he will be able to be _______soon.
a.in the danger of；out of danger b.in danger of；out of danger
c.in danger；out of danger d.in danger of；out of the danger
提示:固定词组in danger of和out of danger中，danger前不用冠词。
答案:b
2.as a result of
讲：该短语意为：由于……的结果。of后接表示原因的名词、代词或短语。
例：she died as a result of injuries.
她由于受伤而死亡。
as a result of the fire,thousands of people lost their homes.
由于那场大火，数千人无家可归。
链接•拓展
(1)as a result结果是；作为结果
前句叙述了原因，as a result引出结果，可以放在句首或句末。
(2)result in导致；造成
(3)result from是……的结果；由……造成
练：(1)—wouldn’t you like some dumplings?
—well,i’d like to have a few.but,______the bad ones last time,i dare not.
a.as a result b.as a result of
c.as a matter of d.as far as
提示:as a result of后可以接名词或代词；as a result后不可接任何词。
答案:b
(2)(山东烟台诊断检测) —do you like nancy?
—yes,nancy is kind,hard-working and intelligent；_____,i can’t speak too highly of her.
a.as a result b.by the way
c.in a word d.on the contrary
提示：as a result结果，因此；by the way顺便说（问）一下；in a word总之；on the contrary相反地。根据句意“nancy善良，用功又勤奋，总之，我说她怎么好都不为过”可知选c。
答案:c
3.devote oneself to
讲：该短语意为：致力于；献身于；专心。该搭配中的to是介词，后接名词或动名词。
例：she devoted herself to her career.
她全力倾注于自己的事业。
professor stevenson has devoted himself to protecting the milu deer.
史蒂文森教授献身于保护麋鹿的工作。
after he graduated he continued to devote himself to research.
毕业以后他继续致力于研究工作。
链接•拓展
(1)devote...to...把(时间、精力等)用于
she devoted her life to helping homeless children.
她把一生用来帮助无家可归的孩子们。
(2)be devoted to 喜爱；疼爱；忠于；致力于
her son,to whom she was so devoted,died in fighting the flood.
她非常疼爱的儿子在抗洪中牺牲了。
some of them were devoted to the study of natural science.
他们有些人专门研究自然科学。
练：he wants to be a scientist and_______ science.
a.devote to b.devotes to
c.devote himself to d.devotes himself to
提示:空格处是和wants并列的谓语动词；devote oneself to...是固定短语。
答案:d
4.cut down
讲：该短语意为：砍倒；病死；减少
例：when the farmers cut down trees,tigers can no longer hide and hunt.
农民把树砍倒后，老虎无法藏身和猎食。
you should try your best to cut down the accident rate.
你们应该尽力减少事故。
we need to cut the article down to 1000 words.
我们得把这篇文章压缩到一千字。
he ought to cut down the volume of work.
他应该减少工作量。
链接•拓展
(1)cut away 剪去；砍掉；割掉；切除
(2)cut off切下；割下；砍下；切断电话线使某人通话中断,阻断；停止食物等的供应
(3)cut up切碎；切成碎片；使难过,使痛苦
he always cuts up his food before he eats it.
他在吃东西之前,总是把它切碎。
(4)cut in 打断；打扰
she always cuts in when we are talking.
我们谈话的时候她老是插嘴。
(5)cut out删掉；停止
you can cut out what you don’t like.
你可以删去你不喜欢的。
(6)cut through 抄近路；开辟(出路或通道)
i came by cutting through the lane.
我抄近路来的。
练：with no electricity,many towns and villages had their water supply________.
a.cut off b.cut down c.cut up d.cut through
提示:本句考查have sth.done 结构，表示“遭遇到……”。cut off在本句中意为“阻断，停止供应（水）”。
答案:a
句型
1.get+过去分词
讲：注意观察下面教材原句:
use the questions below to get started and try to think of more questions.
用下列问题作为开始，试着想出更多的问题。
“get+过去分词”结构，在这种结构中，get相当于助动词。
例：don’t get caught in the storm.
别撞上暴雨了。
you didn’t get hurt in any way?
你没伤着哪儿吧？
链接•拓展
(1)在“get+过去分词”结构中，get起be的作用，构成被动结构。在这种结构中，get被称为被动助动词。该结构主要用于:1)指突然的、偶然的、意外的事情。2)表示反身的行为而不是被动的行为。3)说话者强调动作。
(2)get作“使发生……”解时，结构如下:1)get sb./sth.done(=have sb./sth.done)使……；2)get sb.to do sth.(=have sb.do sth.)或get sb.doing sth.使某人做某事。
tell your friends about the films and try to get him/her to go with you.
=...and try to have him/her go with you.告诉你朋友电影的内容，并设法让他或她和你一块去。
you should get the students thinking when you give lessons.
你讲课的时候应该让学生思考。
why don’t you get your car repaired?
你怎么不找人把车修一修？
练：—how are the team playing?
—they’re playing well,but one of them _______hurt.
a.got b.gets c.are d.were
提示:解本题时可以从主谓一致、时态、语态几个方面去考虑。依据主谓一致的规则排除c、d两项，因为主语为one，谓语动词用单数。虽然前句用了现在进行时，但是后一句应用一般过去时，表示该动作已经发生，故选a。got hurt等于was hurt。
答案:a
2.keep...from doing
讲：注意观察下面教材原句:
steve jones is an environmental expert who tries to keep animals and plants from becoming endangered.
steve jones是一位尽力使动植物免于灭绝的环境方面的专家。
keep...from doing sth.=stop sb.from doing sth.=prevent sb.from doing 阻止……做某事
在主动语态中，stop 或prevent后可省略from，用keep时不可省略from；在被动语态中都不可省略from。
例：what can stop/prevent us(from)doing so if we want to?
如果我们想做的话，有什么可以阻止我们呢？
they were stopped/prevented/kept by the police from entering the building.
警察阻止他们进大楼。
链接•拓展
(1)keep doing sth.不断，一直；老是做某事
(2)keep sb./sth.doing使……不断做某事
练：if city noises ______from increasing,people _____able to be heard even at the dinner table 20 years from now.
a.are not kept；will not be b.are not kept；are
c.do not keep；will not be d.do not keep；are
提示:从时间状语20 years from now来看，主句应该使用一般将来时，排除b、d两项；从条件状语从句中的主谓关系看，从句应该使用被动语态。故选a。
答案:a
辨析
agree on,agree with,agree to
agree on表示在某一点上达成协议或取得一致意见。
agree with表示同意、赞成某人说的话，后接sb.或wh从句或表达意见、想法、观点、决定的词(opinion,view,idea,decision)。还可表示“与……一致；适合”,此时，主语一般不是表人的词。
agree to后接计划、安排、建议、条件等词(plan,arrangement,suggestion,terms)。
agree to do表示“同意做某事”。
即时练习:
(1)i _______what he said.
(2)after a further discussion,both sides ________the date for the next meeting.
(3)they didn’t ________each other on that point.
(4)a verb should _______its subject in number and person.
(5)at last the teacher _______give him another chance.
(6)do you ________the arrangement?
(7)they all ________the matter.
答案:(1)agree with (2)agreed on (3)agree with (4)agree with (5)agreed to (6)agree to (7)agreed on
诱思：实例点拨
【例1】 （江西模拟） my friend martin was very sick with a strange fever；______,he could neither eat nor sleep.
a.as a result b.after all c.any way d.otherwise
提示:考查固定搭配，as a result意思是“结果”。
答案:a
讲评:在英语中固定搭配占较大比例，在平时的学习中要给予足够注意，要“死记硬背”和“灵活掌握”相接合。
【例2】 (湖南模拟) i was just talking to margaret when jackson _______.
a.cut in b.cut down c.cut out d.cut up
提示:我正要和margaret交谈，这时jackson插嘴了。本题测试动词短语的用法。cut down砍倒；削减；cut out切掉；停止；cut up切碎；抨击。
答案:a
【例3】 (浙江模拟) —ow! i’ve burnt myself!
—how did you do that?
—i______a hot pot.
a.touched b.kept c.felt d.held
提示:动词辨析。根据题意应为无意地触碰，所以选touch；而feel意为“有意地摸”，故不选c。
答案:a
2023高考英语一轮复习Unit 第10篇
XX高考英语一轮教学案大纲版
unit 16
理解:要点诠释
单词
1.charge
讲: vt.& n. 要价；记账；谴责；命令；充电；管理；照顾；收费
例：they charged me five dollars for a cup of coffee.
一杯咖啡他们向我要5美元。
mother charged me to tell the truth and not to steal.
母亲训诫我要诚实，不可偷窃。
how often shall i charge the battery?
我多长时间充一次电？
you can get service free of charge.
你可得到免费服务。
there is a 10 percent service charge.
收10%的服务费。
i’ll be in charge of the whole factory next week,when the director is away.
下周董事离开，我将负责整个工厂。
the patient is in the charge of that doctor.
这位病人由那位医生负责。
链接•提示
(1)be in charge of 管理/掌管……
(2)be in/under the charge of...被/由……掌管/负责
(3)free of charge免费的
(4)take charge of 担任；管理
练：(1)(甘肃兰州诊断考试) the seller would sell the jacket for seventy dollars,but the customer _________only half the price.
a.asked b.charged c.offered d.sold
提示:charge要价、索价，offer出价。
答案：c
(2)my doctor,who is kept ________ the nurse,has ________ ill since last week.
a.in the charge of;fallen b.in charge of;been
c.in the charge of;been d.in charge of;fallen
提示:依据时间状语since last week，排除a、d项，因为瞬间动词fall不能与一段时间状语连用。be kept in the charge of sb.一直处在某人的看管下。
答案:c
2.sense
讲: vt.& n.感官；感觉；意义；意味
例：can you make sense of what i said?
你能理解我说的话吗？
what you say is true in a sense.
就某种意义而言，你说的是实话。
she lost her senses when she heard the news.
她听到这个消息就昏了过去。
he sensed that his proposal was unwelcome.
他觉得他的建议不受欢迎。
the dog sensed danger and barked.
那条狗意识到危险后叫了起来。
链接•提示
(1)make sense 有道理；有意义；讲得通；是明智的；合乎情理的；易于理解；道理明显
this sentence doesn’t make sense.
这个句子不通。
(2)make sense of sth.理解；弄懂(不易理解的事物)
i can’t make sense of the painting.
我看不懂那幅画。
(3)common sense常识
(4)the sense of duty/time/humor/direction责任感/时间观念/幽默感/方向感
练：（1）(甘肃兰州诊断考试) mr.blake is well-known in the school because of his good______of humor.
a.sense b.emotion c.feeling d.thought
提示:sense of humor意为“幽默感”。
答案：a
(2)enough of it! nobody here thinks what you are saying should make any _______.
a.value b.sense c.fun d.use
提示:make不能与value搭配；make fun和make use与题意明显不符。句意为:够了!没有人认为你说的有意义。
答案:b
3.prove
讲: vt.证明；证实
link-v. 证明；结果是
例：he has proved his courage in the battle.
他已经在战斗中证明了他的勇敢。
can you prove that to the court?
你能向法庭证明这一点吗？
he proved an honest man.
事实证明他是个诚实的人。
it proved to be much more difficult than she had supposed.
事实证明这比她原来预料的要难得多。
链接•提示
(1)prove作及物动词时，可以接名词、代词、从句和复合宾语，且可以用于被动语态。
(2)prove用作连系动词时，后接形容词、名词、介词短语或to be结构。
练：(1)the theory he’s stuck ________ us that earthquakes can be forecast.
a.to proves b.to prove
c.which to prove d.to proves to
提示:句意为:他坚持的理论向我们证明地震是可以预报的。stick to表示“坚持（原则、计划、诺言等）”；prove to...表示“向……证明”。故选d。
答案:d
(2)—why was professor zhang unhappy recently？
—because the theory he insisted on ________ wrong.
a.proved b.proving
c.being proved d.was proved
提示:he insisted on是定语从句；prove是连系动词，因此不可用于被动。故选a。
答案:a
4.comfort
讲: n. 舒服；安逸；舒适；安慰；宽慰；令人感到安慰的人或事物
vt.安慰；抚慰；宽慰
例：the priest spoke a few words of comfort to the dying man.
牧师对将要死去的人说了几句安慰的话。
he lives in great comfort.
他生活极为舒适。
after retirement,he took comfort from/in reading.
退休后他从读书中得到慰藉。
it is a comfort to know that she is safe.
得知她平安无事，这是一个安慰。
a hot cup of milk on a cold night is a real comfort.
在寒冷的夜晚喝一杯热牛奶真是舒服。
i tried to comfort jean after her mother’s death.
詹妮的妈妈去世后，我尽力安慰她。
链接•提示
(1)comfort表示“舒适；安慰”时为抽象名词，表示“令人感到安慰的人或事”时为可数名词。
(2)comfortable adj. 舒服的
the chair is comfortable to sit in.
这椅子坐上去很舒服。
练：—i hear they aren’t pleased with the house you’ve chosen for them.
—well,where else could they live __________?they should be satisfied.
a.in such a comfort b.hard
c.miserably d.in such comfort
提示:解题时要依据语境，分析推断第二个说话人的意思。从上下文，特别是they should be satisfied可以看出，第二个说话人的意思是“this is the best house they could find.”排除b、c两项；comfort作“舒适；安慰”讲时，是不可数名词，故选d。
答案:d
短语
1.pick out
讲:该短语的义项有“挑选；找出”。
例：she picked out the shoes that match the dress.
她选出搭配那件衣服的鞋子。
can you pick out your brother in the crowd?
你能在这人群中找出你的兄弟吗？
the houses in the painting were picked out in white.
这幅画中的房子以白色凸现出来。
i managed to pick out the passage.
我终于理解了这篇文章的意思。
链接•拓展
(1)pick at 申诉；指责；吃一点点
his mother picked at him for being lazy.
他母亲指责他懒惰。
the sick woman just picked at the food he brought.
那生病的女人只吃了一点点他带来的食物。
(2)pick on 选择某人
the teacher always picked on me to answer a hard question.
老师总是挑我回答困难的问题。
(3)pick up 拾起；让乘客上车；驾车接某人；恢复；偶然得到；接收广播
after staying in hospital for long,the patient was advised to go to the seaside to pick up his health.
在医院住了很久以后，医生建议这位病人到海边去恢复健康。
i’ll pick you up at your home.
我开车到你家去接你。
(4)pick over 慎重地调查；仔细地检查
he picked over a basket of apples.
他仔细地挑选了一篮子苹果。
练：—have you _______ any information?
—no,i’m going to _______ the business department.
a.picked up;call at b.picked out;call on
c.got;call on d.received;drop in
提示:解题时可以从第二空入手:call on后接人；call at后接地点；drop in是不及物动词词组，搭配形式为drop in on sb./at some place。故选a。pick up的意思是“获得”。
答案:a
2.bring out
讲:该短语的义项有“说明；阐明；引出；使表现出；出版”。
bring out在表示“出版”时，相当于publish，为及物动词短语。而短语come out表示“出版”时，为不及物动词，不能用于被动语态。
例：she has brought out two new books at the same time.
她同时出版了两本新书。
this picture is very clear and brings out the wrinkles in her face.
这张相片非常清晰，把她脸上的皱纹都照出来了。
the company is bringing out a new kind of soap.
这家公司在生产一种新香皂。
difficulties can bring out a person’s best qualities.
困难可以显现一个人的最佳品质。
链接•拓展
(1)bring up抚养；提出；呕吐
(2)bring down使价格降低
(3)bring about引起；导致(=cause to happen)
(4)bring in引进，赚取
(5)bring forward提出；提议
(6)bring back带回；使忆起
练：(1)can you make a sentence to _______ the meaning of the phrase?
a.show off b.turn out c.bring out d.take in
提示:本题考查根据语意选择动词短语的能力。bring out 拿出，说明，阐明，引出；show off 表现自己，炫耀；turn out结果，原来（情况是），生产，制造；take in吸收，听进去，领会。依据前文make a sentence 和后文the meaning of the phrase不难判断出正确答案。
答案:c
(2)difficulties and hardships have _______ the best character of the young geologist.
a.brought in b.brought out c.brought up d.brought about
提示:短语bring out的意思为“使……显现出来；表明……的个性”。
答案:b
句型
1.祈使句+and/then/or/otherwise+陈述句结构
讲：注意观察下面教材原句:
tie the corners of the handkerchief to the points of the cross,and you will have a nice strong kite.
把手帕四角与龙骨端头绑牢，就可以成为很好的结实风筝了。
本句句型为:祈使句+and+陈述句。其中的祈使句相当于if引导的条件状语从句，如果陈述句表示否定，用连词or。
例：be careful,and you will do better.
=if you are careful,you will do better.
做仔细些，你会做得更好。
hurry up,or we won’t catch the early bus.
=if we don’t hurry up,we won’t catch the early bus.
快点，不然就赶不上早班车了。
链接•提示
用and,then表示递进关系，“那么”，用or或otherwise表示转折关系，“否则”。该句型可以用if或unless引导的条件状语从句替换，即“条件句+陈述句”，这时后面的连词就不需要了。
练：（1）(北京春季) lose one hour in the morning _______ you will be looking for it the rest of the day.
a.but b.and c.or d.so
提示:本题考查句型结构中的连词用法。句型“祈使句＋and＋陈述句”表示“这么做，那么就会怎么样”。
答案:b
(2)(河南新乡调研) three minutes earlier_________ we could have caught the early train to philadelphia.
a.or b.but c.and d.so
提示:本题中名词短语相当于祈使句的省略句，题干可换成“条件句+陈述句”结构，即if we had set out three minutes earlier,we could have caught the early train to philadelphia.
答案:c
2.to do作表语的句型结构
讲：注意观察下面教材原句:
what is to be done when anything gets into your eyes?
眼睛里进了东西时该怎么做呢？
例：we are to meet at the school gate.
我们约定在校门口碰头。
you are to be back by 10 o’clock.
你得在十点钟前回来。
i am to inform you that the meeting will be held in hangzhou.
我谨通知你会议在杭州举行。
a knife is to cut with.
刀是用来切割的。
they were never to meet again.
他们注定将来永远不会见面。
链接•提示
be to do 结构可以用来表示安排、命令、职责、用途、命中注定要发生的动作。
练：(1)(云南统一检测) jimmy needs to improve his technique if he ________ gold medals in the olympics.
a.wins b.is winning c.is about to win d.is to win
提示:句意为：吉米要想在XX年奥运会上获金牌就需要提高他的技术。
答案：d
（2）bill’s aim is ________ the viewers that cigarette advertising on tv is illegal.
a.to inform b.informing c.inform d.informed
提示:动词不定式作表语，表示“职责”。句意为:bill的目的是告诉观众电视上的香烟广告是违法的。
答案:a
辨析
1.take care,take care of,watch out,look out
（1)take care of“爱护；照顾”，后跟名词或代词,不可单独使用。
(2)take care“小心；注意”，后面可以跟动词不定式，也可以跟that从句。
(3)watch out和look out也有“当心；注意”的意思。这两个短语可以单独使用，表示警告，也可以构成watch out for.../look out for...表示“注意、留意”。
即时练习:
(1)_______ that you don’t spoil your clothes.
(2) _______ not to drop it!
(3)she stayed at home to _______ the baby.
(4) _______ for a tall man in a black hat.
(5) _______! the training is coming!
答案:(1)take care (2)take care (3)take care of (4)watch out/look out (5)look out/watch out
2.close,closely
(1)close adj. 靠近；接近；亲密的；彻底的；小心的
(2)close adv. 接近；靠近
(3)closely adv. 靠近；密切地；仔细地
作“靠近”解时，close的意思相当于“near”；closely语气较强，相当于“very near”。closely还有比喻的用法，意思是“亲密地、仔细地、严密地”。
即时练习:
(1)i sat and watched everyone very _______ (=carefully).
(2)our new house is _______ to the school.
(3)he is my _______ friend.
(4)he walked into the room, _______ followed by the rest of the family.
(5)they sat _______ together.
(6)don’t come too _______.
(7)we live very _______ to the school.
答案:(1)closely (2)close (3)close (4)closely (5)close (6)close (7)close
诱思:实例点拨
【例1】 (浙江模拟) i am sure david will be able to find the library —he has a pretty good of ________direction.
a.idea b.feeling c.experience d.sense
提示:have a good idea of意为“对……非常了解”；feeling指“感情”；experience指“经验、经历”；sense指“感觉”。从句意看，应选d项，sense of direction指“方向感”。
答案:d
讲评:考查名词具体意思和用法的题也是经常出现在模拟题中的，在平时要分清单词的意思和用法。
【例2】 (湖北模拟) this picture was taken a long time ago.i wonder if you can _______ my father.
a.find out b.pick out c.look out d.speak out
提示:find out“发现；找出”；pick out“找出；分辨出”；look out“向外看；当心；注意”；speak out“大声说出”。只有pick out的意思符合句意。
答案:b
讲评:做好考查短语的题的惟一途径就是平时多记，短语的意思并不是组成短语的词的意思的叠加，不能望文生义。
【例3】 (重庆模拟) his idea of having weekly family meals together,which seemed difficult at first,has ________ many good changes in their lives.
a.got through b.resulted from c.turned into d.brought about
提示:句意为:他提议每周全家人出去吃顿饭，起初这看似很难，但后来却给他们的生活带来了许多好的变化。get through做完；度过；接通；result from是……的结果；由……造成；turn into变成；bring about带来；造成。故选d。
答案:d
讲评:对于动词短语，在平时要练好基本功，方能结合语境、句意选择正确答案。
2023高考英语一轮复习Unit 第11篇
XX高考英语一轮教学案大纲版
unit 17-unit 18
提纲挈领
单元
考查重点及热点
unit 17
单词
inspire admire generous cheerful mean tense dull dishonest champion mile stormy threaten bottom optimistic workday somehow shelter regret extreme extremely climate value pianist bother fame promise kindergarten hardship bear scholarship graduation
短语
around the corner die down come to terms with lead to so far
句型
1.it is said/reported/believed/thought that-clause句型结构2.when引导从句，表示“……突然……”
unit 18
单词
fisherman great-grandfather northeastern central coast surround mild bay harbour volcano spring heat surface rat settle settler mainly voyage possession bold paragraph grassland mountainous surprising secretary percent wedding conference relation agricultural cattle export lamb ship sail cottage seaside camp
短语
make up take possession of turn to go sailing go camping blow away be in good health struggle to one’s knees take up be made up of in relation to sign an agreement with refer to be on the rise apply for come true hand over deal with burst out come up get tired of fall asleep wake up try one’s luck句型of+抽象名词
unit 17理解:要点诠释
单词1.mean讲: v. 意思是；意味着；打算；想让某人做……例：a dictionary tries to tell you what words mean.词典向人们讲述词的意思。that does not mean reading too slowly.那并不意味着读得太慢。being a good reader means much more than just “listening with ears”.一个好的读者远远超过仅仅用耳朵听。we sometimes hurt people’s feelings without meaning it.我们有时会在无意中伤害别人的感情。i didn’t mean you to see and read the letter.我原不打算让你见到读到这封信。链接·提示 (1)mean to do表示“打算做某事”。 (2)mean doing表示“意味着……”的意思。 (3)be meant for打算给予……；打算作……用 (4)means n. 方式；方法 (5)meaning n. 意义；意思；含义练：(1)“hope for the best and prepare for the worst.” is a proverb,______ life is beautiful and full of frustrations as well.a.means b.to mean c.meaning d.meant提示:现在分词短语作定语，等于定语从句which means。答案:c(2)—why haven’t you bought any butter?—i ________ to but i forgot about it.a.liked b.wished c.meant d.expected提示: 本题考查根据语境和句意使用动词的能力。答语中to后省略了buy，依据but判断答语两句为转折关系，所以后文说“忘了”,前文一定是说“打算买”。能表达此意的只有c项，mean to do意为“有……的意图;打算”。答案:c2.regret讲: v. & n.对……惋惜；遗憾；抱歉；后悔；遗憾；失望例：he regretted having been careless.=i regret that he had been careless.他对于自己的粗心大意感到懊悔。i regret to inform you that we are unable to offer you employment.我遗憾地通知你，我们不能雇用你。much to my regret,i must leave you now.我很遗憾地告诉你，我现在要离开了。we heard with regret that you were not successful in our plan.听到你的计划不能顺利进行，我们觉得很可惜。链接·提示 (1)regret to do对要做的某事感到遗憾 (2)regret doing对做过的事遗憾、后悔 (3)i regret(to say)that...我很遗憾……；很抱歉…… (4)it is to be regretted that...使人遗憾的是……；真可惜……练：—you were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting.—well,now i regret ________ that.a.to do b.to be doing c.to doing d.having done提示:从上文“you were brave”的时态看，他已做过。故选d。答案:d3.inspire讲:inspire v.鼓舞；激励；引发；赋予……灵感主要用法有inspire sb./inspire sb.to sth./inspire sb.to do sth./inspire sth.in sb./inspire sb.with sth.。例：we were inspired by his speech.我们为他的演说所激励。his noble example inspired the rest of us to greater efforts.他那高尚的榜样激发我们大家更加努力。his friend’s words inspired him to try again.他朋友的话使他振奋起来再试一次。the lake district scenery inspired wordsworth to write his greatest poetry.英格兰湖区的美景给了华兹华斯创作他最伟大诗篇的灵感。链接·提示 (1)inspire sb. to do sth.相当于encourage sb. to do sth. (2)inspired adj. 有灵感的 (3)inspiring adj. 鼓舞人心的练：greatly _________,the students made up their minds to work at english even harder.a.inspiring b.inspiredc.having inspired d.to inspire提示:句中的主语the students与inspire之间有被动关系，因而用过去分词作状语。答案:b
短语1.die down讲: 该短语的义项有:变弱；平息；消失。例：on november 12th the storm died down.11月12日，风暴平息了。the fire is dying down.please get more coal.火要灭了，请再加点煤。it took a long time for the excitement to die down.过了好长时间兴奋才平息下来。链接·拓展 (1)die away逐渐消失、平息 (2)die from由于……而死，后常接灾祸、衰弱、负伤等外因。 he died from weakness. 他死于衰弱。 (3)die of因(患)……而死，后常接年老、疾病、情感、贫寒等内因的死。 the old woman died of grief soon after her husband’s death. 这位老太太在她丈夫死去不久就死于悲伤。 (4)die out熄灭、绝种(迹) many old customs are gradually dying out. 许多老风俗渐渐消亡了。 (5)die off 先后死去；一一死去 the leaves of this plant are dying off. 这植物的叶子在凋落中。练：it took a long time for the excitement to _______.a.die out b.die off c.die down d.die away提示:从句子所提供的语境以及四个短语动词的用法来分析，此处用die down，表示“兴奋的心情渐渐平静下来”。答案:c2.come to terms with讲:该短语的义项有“甘愿忍受(不愉快的处境)；妥协；迁就顺从；适应(困难的处境)”。例：she is still coming to terms with her son’s death.她还没有完全从儿子死亡的阴影中走出来。they have come to terms with the fact that they were defeated.他们已接受了失败的事实。链接·拓展 (1)be on good/friendly/bad...terms with sb.(与某人)关系好(或友好、不好等) he is still on excellent terms with his ex-wife. 他仍然和前妻保持极好的关系。 (2)in terms of/in...terms谈及；就……而言；在……方面 the job is great in terms of salary,but it has its disadvantages. 就薪水而言，这个工作倒是不错，但也有一些不利之处。练：the wealth of a country should be measured ______ the health and happiness of its people as well as the material goods it can produce.a.in terms of b.by means c.in place of d.in term of提示:in terms of为固定搭配，term用复数形式。句意为:一个国家的财富，不仅以它出产的资源来衡量，还要从人民的健康和幸福的角度来衡量。答案:a
句型1.it is said/reported/believed/thought that-clause句型结构讲：注意观察下面教材原句:it has often been said that life is difficult as it is.人们常说现实生活已经够艰难的了。例：it is said that he has written a new book about workers.(=he is said to have written a book about workers.)据说他写了一本关于工人的新书。链接·提示 it is said/thought/believe/reported that-clause可以转换成sb./sth.is said/reported/believed/reported to do/to be doing/to have done...句型结构。 he is said to have finished the work. 据说他已经完成了这项工作。 the conference is reported to be held on march 15. 据报道这个会议将在3月15日举行。 dick is believed to be fit for the position. 人们相信狄科适合这一职务。练：(1) _______was said that_______ was how the chinese first raised silk worms.a.it;that b.people;itc.they;that d.somebody;it提示:考查it was said that...句型。故选a项。选项中的that在主语从句中作主语。答案:a(2)he is said ______ a new computer programme recently,but i don’t know when he will finish it.a.to design b.to be designedc.to have designed d.to have been designing提示:从题干中的recently来看，应该用动词不定式的完成式，从下文表示的意思看，该计算机程序还没有编写完成，因而用不定式的完成进行式。答案:d(3)a bank is reported in the local newspaper ________ in broad daylight yesterday.a.being robbed b.having been robbedc.to have been robbed d.robbed提示:句意为:当地报纸报道说昨天一家银行在光天化日之下遭到抢劫。答案:c2.when引导从句，表示“……突然……”讲：注意观察下面教材原句:i was moving forward over a slope that seemed safe when suddenly without warning my world dropped out from under my skis.我正在一个似乎安全的斜坡上往前走，突然间毫无预兆，滑雪板下的大地陷下去了。i had traveled only two hours one day when the winds increased so much that i had to put my tent up before the winds became too strong.一天，我刚走了两个小时，突然狂风大作，我只好趁风力还不算太大，支起帐篷。when作“在那时，突然……”解时，其所引导的句子总是放在另一个句子之后，常见搭配:be doing...when；be about to do...when；had done...when...。这种句子表示“一件事碰巧在另一件事正在进行时发生了”。had done...when...常可译成“还没/刚刚……就……”。例：i had hardly left home when it began to rain.我刚离开家，天就下雨了。i was working in the garden when i suddenly felt a pain in my stomach.我当时正在院子里干活这时我突然感到肚子疼。frank was about to leave when he noticed a letter lying on the floor.弗兰克刚要离开这时他发现地板上有一封信。链接·提示 when作连词时，主要义项有 (1)在那时，突然…… (2)当……时候 (3)刚(一)……就…… (4)如果(同if) (5)可是，虽然 (6)既然(同since)练：(北京东城期末) my grandpa sowed the flower seeds in the garden ______it was the best time for them to grow.a.where b.when c.that d.until提示:when引导时间状语从句，其他三项与句意不符。答案：b
辨析1.be known as,be known for,be known tobe known as...作为……而出名be known for...因为……而闻名be known to...为……所熟知即时练习:用as，for或to填空(1)he is well known ________ an expert on ent.(2)this place is well known ________ its hot springs.(3)as is known ________ all,the earth moves round the sun.(4)kunming is known ________ us ________ “spring city” ________ its pleasant climate.答案: (1)as (2)for (3)to (4)to,as,for2.so far,as far as,so far asso far “到目前为止”，常跟现在完成时连用。可置于句首、句中或句末。as far as＝so far as“直到；同样的距离”。as far as 既可用于肯定句，亦可用于否定句，而so far as 仅用于否定句。也可表示“就……而言，至于”，两者可互换。即时练习:(1) ________ we have learned english for six years.(2)your work has been good ________ this year.(3)we didn’t go ________ the others.(4) ________ i know he will be away for three months.(5)he will help you ________ he can.答案:(1)so far (2)so far (3)as/so far as (4)so/as far as (5)as far as诱思:实例点拨【例1】 (辽宁沈阳质量检测) either tom or his friends ______,if only such kind accident will not happen.a.are blamed b.is blamedc.are to blame d.is to blame提示:either...or引导并列主句时，谓语动词单复数遵循就近一致的原则。本题中谓语动词应与his friends一致。答案：c【例2】 (福建模拟) —did jack come back early last night?—yes.it was not yet eight o’clock __________ he arrived home.a.before b.when c.that d.until提示:本题很容易误选c项。实际上答语后半句是when引导的时间状语从句，句意为:他回到家时还不到8点。答案:b讲评:解此题时要注意区分强调句和其他句式:去掉it is/was,that，不影响句子独立成句的是强调句型，否则，为其他句式。【例3】 (浙江模拟) my brother is an actor.he_________ in several films so far.a.appears b.appeared c.has appeared d.is appearing提示:由时间状语so far可知，应该用现在完成时。故选c。答案:c讲评:对于考查时态的题，时间状语的正确把握是解题的关键。
2023高考英语一轮复习Unit 第12篇
高考英语一轮教学案大纲版
unit 11-unit 12
提纲挈领
单元
考查重点及热点
unit 11
单词
suggestion instrument perform characteristic slave contain traditional spread variety universal folk record satisfy desire emotion process musician totally express intelligence
短语
in common turn...into a world of on the other hand at the same time agree with
句型
even if/though引导的状语从句
unit 12
单词
literature comedy local exhibition power magic trick series forehead miserable treat habit shoulder whisper stupid announcement character
短语
a series of in trouble come across believe in turn around make friends with
句型
1.部分否定句
2.含有if only的句子
unit 11
理解：要点诠释
单词
1.suggest
讲：v.建议；提议；推荐；使人联想到；表明；暗示
常见搭配为:1)+名词；2)+动名词；3)+that从句。
suggestion n.提议；建议；迹象
例：he suggested setting out at once.
他建议马上动身。
we all suggested that he(should) be taken to hospital as soon as possible.
我们都建议尽快把他送到医院去。
it has been suggested that bright children take their exams early.
有人提议天资好的孩子提前考试。
all the evidence suggests that he stole the money.
所有证据都表明是他偷了钱。
his suggestion was that the match(should) be put off.
他的建议是比赛延期。
链接·提示
(1)suggest作“建议”讲，后接宾语从句时，从句中用should do，should可省略。
(2)suggest作“表明、暗示”讲，后接宾语从句时，从句中用陈述语气。
(3)suggestion作“建议”讲时，其后无论跟表语从句还是同位语从句，从句中都应用should do,should可省略。
练：(1)（福建模拟） —how do you_______we go to beijing for our holidays?
—i think we’d better fly there.it’s much more comfortable.
a.insist b.want c.suppose d.suggest
提示:从上下文的关系来看，问话人是在向第二个人征求建议，故选suggest。
答案:d
(2)the happy look on his face suggested that he _____the final examination successfully.
a.passes b.had passed c.would pass d.should pass
提示:从句意判断，句中suggest表示“表明”,从句中应用陈述语气，故选b。
答案:b
2.satisfy
讲：v.使满意；使满足；满足(要求、需要等)；向(某人)证实；确信
例：nothing satisfies him—he’s always complaining.
什么都难如他的意——他老在抱怨。
she failed to satisfy all the requirements for entry to the college.
她没有达到进入那所学院的全部要求。
her explanation did not satisfy the teacher.
她的解释没有让老师信服。
once i had satisfied myself that it was the right decision,we went ahead.
一旦我自己确信这个决定是正确的，我们便动手干起来了。
链接·拓展
(1)satisfaction n. 满意；满足
(2)satisfactory adj.满意的；称心如意的
(3)satisfying adj.令人满意的；令人满足的
(4)satisfied adj.满意的；满足的
(5)be satisfied with对……满意/满足
练：(1)after her husband died,she did some washing for others so that she had enough to ______the expense.
a.supply b.support c.serve d.satisfy
提示:satisfy的意思是“满足(要求、需要等)”。
答案:d
(2)having heard my answer,the master nodded_______ satisfaction,“i’m quite satisfied_______ you.”
a.with；with b.on；by c.in；to d.in；of
提示:with satisfaction“满意地”，相当于副词的作用。be satisfied with 意为“对……感到满意”。
答案:a
3.desire v.渴望；期望
讲：n.愿望；欲望；渴望；渴望的事物/人
例：we all desire health and happiness.
我们都渴望健康和幸福。
she felt an overwhelming desire to return home.
她感到想回家的愿望难以遏制。
链接·提示
(1)have a desire to do sth.渴望干某事
(2)have a desire for sth.渴望得到某物
练：people expressed their desire that the war _______to an end.
a.came b.come c.comes d.coming
提示:desire作名词，后接同位语从句，或作动词，后接宾语从句时，从句中用“should+动词原形”，should可省略。that the war ________to an end是desire的同位语从句，省略了should。故选b。
答案:b
4.contain
讲：vt.包含；装有；容纳；控制；克制；抑制
例：the room was small and contained too much furniture.
房子太小，又装有太多的家具。
this drink doesn’t contain any alcohol.
这种饮料不含任何酒精。
she was unable to contain her excitement.
她无法抑制内心的激动。
链接·提示
(1)contained adj. 镇定的；克制的
(2)container n.容器
(3)include也有“包括；含有”之意，但include侧重指整体里面“包含”个体。
two new names were included in the list.
名单上包括两个新名字。
练：(1)he was worried,because he lost his bag_______ his passport,id card and a lot of money.
a.included b.including c.contained d.containing
提示:状语从句可以改为because he lost his bag which contained his passport,id card and a lot of money，由于bag与contain有逻辑上的主动关系，因此用containing。
答案:d
(2)green vegetables _________nutrients,__________vitamin a and vitamin c.
a.include；contain b.include；containing
c.contain；include d.contain；including
提示:contain “包含内容”，侧重包含个体。句意为:青菜含有营养素，包括维生素a和维生素c。
答案:d
短语
1.in common
讲：该短语意为：共用；公有
例：they hold the poverty as tenants in common.
作为共同租赁人，他们共同占用这份房地产。
real friends should have everything in common.
真正的朋友应该共同拥有一切。
链接·拓展
(1)have sth.in common(with sb.)(想法、兴趣等方面)相同
(2)have sth.in common(with sth.)(东西、地方等)有相同的特征(或特点)
(3)in common with sb./sth.与……相同
练：there are a lot of students in our class—too many ______.
a.in our idea b.in common
c.in our opinion d.in our opinions
提示:in common的意思是“共用；公有”；in one’s opinion的意思是“在某人看来”，其中的opinion必须用单数。
答案:c
2.turn...into...
讲：该短意为：把……变成……；把……译成……
例：thus one can turn failure into success.
这样就能转败为胜。
they are going to turn the building into a hospital.
他们想把那座大楼变成医院。
链接·拓展
turn构成的短语
turn on打开(电器、自来水、煤气等)
turn off关上(电器、自来水、煤气等)
turn up来(开会、赴约等)；出席；出现；找到；(把收音机等)开大点；发生(情况)；卷起；竖起
turn down(把音量等)关小；拒绝
turn over打翻；使倾倒；反复考虑
turn to翻到(页码)；转向(某人求帮助、建议等)
turn out翻出；结果是；证明是
练：（浙江模拟） we wanted to get home before dark,but it didn’t _____quite as planned.
a.make out b.turn out c.go on d.come up
提示:turn out 意为“结果是”，句意为:我们原想在天黑前到家，但结果并不像计划的那样。
答案:b
句型
even if/though引导的状语从句
讲：注意观察下面教材原句:
can you enjoy music from other parts of the world even if you don’t understand the words?
即使你不明白歌词的意思，你也能欣赏世界其他地方的音乐吗？
(1)只能说even though，不可说even although。
(2)在even if/though引导的状语从句中，用一般现在时表示将来。
例：i’ll get there even though i have to walk.
我就是走也要走到那里去。
even if he is very nice,i don’t really trust him.
尽管他很好，我并不真正信任他。
i’ll help you,even if i don’t sleep for night.
即使我一夜不睡，我也要帮你。
链接·提示
(1)even so尽管如此；即使这样
he is a very nice person.even so,i don’t really trust him.
他是一个非常好的人，即使这样，我也不真正信任他。
(2)even now/then甚至到现在(或那时)；即使是这样(或那样)
i‘ve shown him the photographs but even now he won’t believe me.
我把照片给他看了，即使是这样他仍然不相信我。
even then she would not admit her mistake.
甚至到那时她还是不肯认错。
练：(1)（湖南模拟） allow children the space to voice their opinions,______they are different from your own.
a.until b.even if c.unless d.as though
提示:句意:让孩子们有发言的空间，即使他们的观点与你自己的不同。本题测试从属连词的用法。从句与主句为让步关系，应由even if引导。
答案:b
(2)it might be all right to tell a friend you loved the shirt you got as a gift ______you know you’ll never wear it.
a.even though b.unless
c.in case d.or else
答案:a
辨析
1.at one time,at times,at all times,at a time,at no time,at the same time,for a time
at one time(=once)意为“从前、曾经”。
at times(=sometimes)意为“有时、间或”。
at all times(=always)意为“一直、随时”。
at a time(=each time)意为“一次、每次”。
at no time意为“在任何时候都不、决不”。
at the same time意为“同时”。
for a time意为“一度、一段时间”,相当于for some time。
即时练习:
(1)in class you should listen to your teacher _______not _______.
(2)we were good friends__________ ,but aren’t now.
(3)please give me two books ________.
(4)we couldn’t say who came earlier.they almost arrived _______.
(5)you should _______waste your time playing computer games.
(6)he was a professor of a university in beijing________.now he studies in america.
答案:(1)at all times,at times (2)at one time (3)at a time (4)at the same time (5)at no time (6)for a time
2.because of,because
because是连词，用于引导表语从句或状语从句。
because of是介词，用于名词、代词、what从句或动名词前。
即时练习:
(1)she was worried ______her daughter came home late.
(2)her daughter came home late ______traffic.
(3)she was angry _______what you said.
(4)_______missing the last bus,we had to take a taxi.
(5)my views of the world have changed _______traveling.
(6)she looks worried.that is ________her daughter hasn’t come home.
答案:(1)because (2)because of (3)because of (4)because of (5)because of (6)because
诱思:实例点拨
【例1】 (辽宁模拟) here was never any time for kate to feel lonely,________she was an only child.
a.ever since b.now that c.even though d.even as
提示:句意为:即使她是惟一的孩子，kate从不感到寂寞。考查让步状语从句，故选c。
答案:c
【例2】 (江西模拟) your uncle seems to be a good driver: ________,i wouldn’t dare to travel in his car.
a.even so b.even though c.therefore d.so
提示:even so尽管如此；即使这样。前后两句含有很明显的转折意思。
答案:a
【例3】 (全国模拟ⅲ) while watching television,_______.
a.the doorbell rang b.the doorbell rings
c.we heard the doorbell ring d.we heard the doorbell rings
提示:while引导省略句，其逻辑主语必须与句子的主语一致，很明显the doorbell是不可能发出watch这个动作的，排除a、b两项；依据hear sb./sth.do排除d项。
答案:c
讲评:解考查省略句或考查非谓语动词的题时，一定要注意它们的逻辑主语。
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