Unit 9 Optimism and Pessimism（精选2篇）
Unit 9 Optimism and Pessimism 第1篇
一. 教学内容：unit 9 optimism and pessimism. lesson 2 and lesson 3二. 重点、难点：（一）单词：optimism n. 乐观；乐观主义optimist n. 乐天派；乐观者optimistic adj. 乐观的pessimism n. 悲观；悲观主义pessimist n. 悲观论者；悲观主义者pessimistic adj. 悲观的heart attack 心脏病发作tend to 趋于；倾向于hopeful adj. 抱有希望的；抱乐观态度的 incident n. 发生的事；（尤指不平常的）事件（二）词组句子：●短语归纳be good for… 对……有好处in the future 将来correct the problem 改正问题change the way you talk 改变你说话的方式die from… 死于……●重点句型1. how often do you go shopping? 你多久购物一次？2. welcome to our store. 欢迎光临本店。3. what’s your favorite kind of tea? 您最喜欢的是哪一种茶？●语法重点infinitives & gerunds 动词不定式和动名词三. 具体内容：课文讲解：
lesson 2 read and think
optimism and pessimism are you an optimist or a pessimist? optimists are always hopeful and positive. pessimists always expect the worst and see the negative side of things. the optimist says, “the glass is half-full.” the pessimist says, “the glass is half-empty.” dr. seligman is a psychologist whose studies show that optimists are healthier than pessimists. pessimists suffer from depression more often than optimists do. there were a group of men who had heart attacks. after eight years, most of the optimistic men were still alive, while most of the pessimistic men had died from another heart attack.
dr. seligman also says that optimists are more successful. athletes, politicians, and businessmen who have optimistic views of the world tend to succeed.
here’s the good news: everyone can learn to be more optimistic. the main way is to change the way you talk to yourself. when something bad happens to pessimists, they believe it will affect them their whole lives. when something bad happens to optimists, they see that it is just one event. they also believe that they can correct the problem, so it won’t happen in the future. here’s an example:
an optimist and a pessimist take a match test. they are both good students, but both of them fail this test. the pessimist thinks, “i’m probably going to fail every test. i’m never going to learn math. it’s too difficult for me. nobody will like me because i’m a terrible student.” the optimist thinks, “it was only one test. i’m a smart student. i know i can do much better next time.” be kinder to yourself. be more hopeful. always see the glass as half-full!
reading comprehensioncircle the best answer for each question. 1. who is dr. seligman? (b) a. a man who has a heart attack. b. a psychologist who studies optimists and pessimists. c. an athlete who won the gold medal. 2. after eight years, what happened to the heart attach victims who were pessimistic? (a) a. most of them died. b. half of them were healthy. c. most of them were students. 3. what do optimists think when something bad happens? (c) a. it will affect them their whole lives. b. it happens because of other people. c. it is just one incident. 4. what should you do to become more optimistic? (a) a. say encouraging things to yourself. b. have a heart attack. c. become a student. 5. which sentence best describes how an optimist looks at life? (a) a. the glass is half-full. b. the glass is half-empty. c. the glass is full.
forming opinions: guided writing1. a student wants to explain why it is better to be an optimist. study his notes.
optimists are healthier. dr. seligman’s studies show that: (a) optimists live longer than the pessimists. (b) optimists suffer less from depression.
optimists are more successful. (a) athletes win more. (b) politicians get more votes. (c) businessmen do better work. 2. now help this student write a well-organized paragraph. give reasons for each opinion. i believe that it is better to be an optimist for two reasons. first of all, (1) optimists are healthier. dr. seligman studied some (2) optimists and pessimists. the optimists live (3) longer than the pessimists. he also says that (4) optimists suffer less from depression. the other main reason is that (5) optimists are more successful. athletes that are optimistic (6) views of the word tend to succeed optimistic (7) politicians get more votes. and optimistic (8) businessmen do better work. for these reasons i will try to be more optimistic. 【典型例题】（ ）1. no matter what _________, you should keep calm. a. takes place b. happens c. occur 解析：选b。三个词都有“发生”之意，都是不及物动词，不能用于被动语态。但happen往往表示偶然或未能预见地发生；take place指事先布置或策划好后发生；occur通常可以与happen互换。（ ）2. we will have a party this weekend. will you _________us? a. take part in b. join c. attend 解析：选b。join 通常只参加某组织或团体；attend是正式用语，只参加会议或仪式等；take part in 是参加活动。（ ）3. i’ve won a holiday for two weeks to florida. i _________my mom. a. am taking b. have taken c. will have taken 解析：选a。本题中i am taking my mom 是进行时表示将来。（ ）4. careless driving __________a lot of highway accidents. a. affects b. causes c. results 解析：选b。cause 是“导致、引起”的意思，与accident 搭配。occur： v. 发生 vi. 出现，存在，发生
Unit 9 Optimism and Pessimism 第2篇
一. 教学内容： unit 9 optimism and pessimism. lesson 4 二. 重点、难点： 语法
lesson 4 revise and improve infinitives &gerunds
infinitive or gerund: i like swimming. i like to swim.
gerund only: i enjoy swimming.
infinitive only: i want to go.
let’s take a look:
with some verbs, we use the verb+ an infinitive.
afford, expect, refuse, agree, hope, plan, seem, appear, learn pretend, want, decide
manage, promise
i promise to give the book back to you.
i want to watch a movie.
with some verbs, we use the verb +a gerund.
admit, finish, give up, avoid, consider, mind, delay, postpone, suggest, enjoy, put off, deny
have you finished doing your homework?
i enjoy walking in the rain.
some verbs can take either an infinitive or a gerund
begin, hate, love, like, start: there is no difference in meaning between the infinitive and gerund forms.
forget, regret, remember, stop, try: there is a difference in meaning between the infinitive and gerund forms.
i forgot going to their house. (i went there, but i forgot about it.)
i forgot to go to the office. (i was supposed to go there, but i didn’t because i forgot.)
now you try:
1. he can’t afford __________a computer. (buy)
2. it stopped __________a few minutes ago. (rain)
3. don’t forget __________your grandfather! (call)
4. did you finish __________your homework yet? (do)
5. i hope __________a good grade in english. (get)
6. i decided __________her for help. (ask)
7. it isn’t easy to give up __________chocolate. (eat)
a work by yourself
complete the sentences using infinitives or gerunds.
1. write down three activities that you like.
i like ________________________________________.
2. write down three activities that you don’t enjoy.
i dislike ________________________________________.
3. what do you think people should stop doing?
i think people should stop ____________________.
word bank
verbs take an infinitive:
afford expect refuse agree plan seem appear learn pretend
want decide
verbs take a gerund:
admit finish give up avoid consider mind delay postpone
suggest enjoy
b work in pairs
interview your partner with the following questions:
if you study at night, what time do you usually finish?
what activity do you like?
what do your parents want?
what activity do you really hate?
what do you want to give up?
what was the last thing you promised?
what’s your big hope for next year?
what things does your teacher expect?
is there something you should quit?
now, write down your partners’ replies in your notebook. remember to use the correct form after the verb!
my partner said he/ she usually finishes studying at ____________________. he/ she likes ____________________. he/ she hates ______________________________.
c work as a group
read your partner’s answer, and listen as other group members read their partners’. ask questions!
三. 具体内容：
listen and speak conversations in context
a exchange the underlined expressions with the new ones on the right. practice the dialogue with your partner.
a: welcome to our store. may i help you?
b: yes, please. i’d like to buy some tea.
a: what kind of tea would you like?
b: i’m not really sure. what do you recommend?
i want to find some nice tea.
i hope i can buy some nice tea.
which ones are the most popular?
can you recommend some good chinese teas?
b practice the dialogue with your partner. change the dialogue around each time.
a: can i help you?
b: yes. i’d like to buy a pair of jeans for my friend.
a: ok. what size does your friend wear?
b: size 28, i think.
a: what do you think of these?
b: they look nice. how much are they?
a: they’re $24.99.
b: ok. i’ll take them. could you gift-wrap them please?
a: of course.
a pair of shoes for my father – size 11-$19.50
a shirt for my cousin –medium -$9.99
a pair of socks for my friend –size 7 or 8- $3.00
a t-shirt for my friend –large -$5.49
a coat for my mother –small -$39.99
how do you like these?
do you like these?
what do they cost?
what price are they? 【典型例题】 1. she is welcome _________ here whenever she likes. a. to stay b. stay c. staying 解析：选a。welcome 是不及物动词，但不可以说welcome sb. to do sth. 或welcome sb. to some place. 2. there was_________ time _______ i liked to drink tea. a. a, that b. a, when c. the, that 解析：选b。“there was a time when…”这个句式表示“曾经有一段时间……” 3. —do you think the stars will beat the bulls? —yes. they have better players, so i _________ them to win. a. hope b. expect c. prefer 解析：选b。hope后不能带由不定式作宾补的复合宾语，即不能说hope sb. to do sth. ；expect 是“期待”的意思，prefer sb. to do“宁愿某人做某事”的意思。 4. i must apologize for ___________ it ahead of time. a. letting you not know b. not letting you know c. letting you know not 解析：选b。本题考查动名词否定式在句中作介词宾语的用法。not必须放在动名词前。
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