Unit 4 A charity show --（通用3篇）
Unit 4 A charity show -- 第1篇
unit 4 a charity show
(一)
一.词汇识记
1. job: n. (问职业what’s your job? a hard job; hard work)
2. advertise: v. an advertisement; advertise on the internet
3. introduce: v. introduction ;introduce sb to sb
4. duty: on duty; who’s on duty today?
5. seem: seem + adj ; seem + to do; it seems + that clause
6. business : businessman; on business
7. take part in 参加某项活动或运动，在活动中起积极地、主要的作用
join 加入某个组织、团体。指成为其中一个成员
8. organization: n. --- organize v. ---- organized adj.
9. public : n. the public
10. hang: v. 悬挂（hung / hanged）；绞死 （hanged）
the curtains should be hung across the stage.
二.表达与运用
1. be sure 确信，自信，有把握
i’m sure you will win.
2. give out 分发，散发；用完，耗尽
we should give out leaflets to ask people to donate money.
3. voice, sound , noise
voice 主要指人发出的嗓音
“do you have a watch?” he asked in a low voice.
sound 泛指声音，指能听到的声音
the sound of running water sent hi to sleep.
noise 指人们不愿听到的噪音
don’t make so much noise. the baby is sleeping.
4. success; succeed; successful; successfully
will it be a ___________?
failure is the mother of _____________?
i want to be a ____________ businessman when i grow up.
at last he ____________ passed all the exams.
there are many ways to _____________.
5. in the beginning
in the beginning, he didn’t like english.
from beginning to end , he didn’t say a word.
at the beginning of the meeting, he told a story
6. because / because of
he did not come _______________ he was ill.
the fans made a lot of noise _____________ the pop stars.
they couldn’t go to the show ______________ the exams.
bill is very glad _______________ he has passed the exam.
7. hope / wish
i _____________ to see you soon.
i _____________ you to help me with my english.
he ___________ he had not said that.
i ___________ it will be fine tomorrow.
三.重点句型
1. be chosen to be the host of a charity show 2. advertise on the internet
3. give out leaflets 4. ask people to donate money
5. sell books to raise money 6. help poor young girls return to school
7. practice a lot 8. keep asking oneself
9. make a lot of noise 10. do everything right
11.have no time to do sth 12.speak loudly
13. seem to do sth 14. seem angry/ to be angry
15. have a lot of support from local businesses 16. take part in the show
17. many other duties 18. be chosen as the host of the show
19. at a big theatre 20. make your voice sound louder
21. hang in front of the stage 22. at both sides of the stage
23.only if you sleep less during the day.
24.i was helping with a charity show to raise money for project green hope.
25.it was my job to introduce each star.
26.‘will it be a success?’ i kept asking myself.
27.‘no time to be nervous any more. this is it,’ i told myself.
28.everything seemed to happen so fast, and now it is all over.
29.what will the money be used for?
30. we have arranged work among the students.
四. 语法知识
1. only if 是对if的强调形式,意思仍然是"如果,倘若,只要”如:
we’ll go only if the weather is fine.
only if you are not free this evening, i’ll come some other day.
--- can i join the charity talk? --- only if you are over eighteen years old.
2. it was my job to introduce each star.
it is a pleasure to meet you.
3. seem to do
she seems to know the secret.
it seems that it’s going to rain.
he seemed a bit nervous.
4. it makes your voice sound louder.
五.书面表达
writing an article about a charity show.
六 homework :
1. 背出(p 60—65) words , reading, phrases
2. 梳理unit 4 的知识要点
3. 完成《中考作业本》8b unit4的练习；
(二)
一.词汇识记
1. arrangement: n. ----arrange v. --- arrange badminton practices
2. speaker n. 扬声器，喇叭
speech n. 演讲 make a speech
3. education: n. --- educate v.
4. among prep 在…中用于三个或三个以上的人或物中,或者笼统的一群人或一些物之中. eg. there are some american students among us.
between prep 在两者之间 eg. what’s the difference between the two words?
between you and me 不能说成between you and i
5. phone vt. phone 是telephone的缩写形式. 同义词 call(up) / ring (up)
phone sb.=call sb. eg. he will phone me in the evening.
拓展:用作名词时是”电话机 电话”
eg. i talked with her on / over the phone / telephone
6. snowy :adj 有雪的 ----- rainy, windy, sunny, foggy,
7. silent : adj keep silent; --- silence n.
8. purpose: aim, goal
9. rise : v. (rose, risen). the sun rises in the east every day.
二.表达与运用
1.the tickets will cost 20 yuan each.
cost 在句中作动词 “花费,价值”
(1) sth. costs (sb) some money
eg. a new computer costs a lot of money
(2) (doing)sth. costs (sb) some time
remembering these new words cost him a lot of time.
(3) cost 还可以作名词,意思为”费用”
eg. at last, work out the cost of the trip per person.
the cost of taking the plane is very high.
2. we would like to thank the following people for their help and support.
thank somebody for something“为某事感谢某人
i thank you for your support.
3. their families have no money so the children have to go to work instead
. instead; instead of.
instead 通常位于句末，instead of“代替，而不是” 后接名词,代词或动名词。
1) i’ll take his class instead. 我将代他上课。
2) i’ll take the class instead of him.
3) i will go to school on foot instead of by bike tomorrow.
4) we are going to play football instead of basketball.
5) we are going to swim instead of hiking
4. set up 建立，设立，创立
set up a good example; set up a shop
5. after s few songs, there was a break.
break 在句子中作名词,意为"休息,暂停”
let’s have a break. / rest
there is usually a ten-minute break between classes.
拓展:多用作动词,意为"打破,打碎,损坏,违反” ( broke, broken)
break a cup 打破茶杯 break one’s promise 食言 break the law 违反法律
break rules 破坏规章制度
broken adj. 打破的 eg. the window is broken.
6. the host came on stage with a microphone in his hand.
(1) come on 意为"出场,登台”
the famous football player came on late. 这位著名球员出场晚了.
(2) with a microphone in his hand 是with复合结构的构成形式伴随状语.
eg. he used yo sleep with all the windows open.
the girl fell asleep with the light on.
the teacher came into the classroom with a book in his hand
with these words, he left his office.
三.重点词组
1. pay for one’s education 2. a big / great success
3. design some posters 4. work on a charity show
5. name of the show /charity 6. ticket price, the price of the ticket
7. talk about holding a charity show 8. a charity called project hope
9. do a very important job 10.cost 20 yuan each
11. set up the stage 12. call the show sunshine for all
13. phone sb. 14. have lots of free time
15. keep silent 16. make a sentence / make sentences
17. from now on 18.day and night
19. first of all 20. raise money to build schools
21. go to work instead of going to school 22. a fun /funny evening
23. thank sb for (doing)sth 24. donate money to do sth
25. make this show possible 26. tickets for a charity show
27. clap and shout excitedly/ with excitement 28. perform on the stage
29. speak/talk in a low/high voice 30. donations are welcome
31 hold another show next year
四. 语法知识
1. passive voice in simple future tense
主语 + will be / be going to be + done
2. passive voice in present perfect tense
主语 + have / has + been + done
3. passive voice with modal verbs
主语 + can / may / must / should + be + done
五.书面表达
write a speech
六.homework
1. 背出 words, main task and phrases
2. 梳理unit 4 的知识要点
3. 完成《中考作业本》8b unit4的练习；
Unit 4 A charity show -- 第2篇
unit 4 a charity show
一、教学内容：
unit 4 a charity show language points
二、教学目标：
掌握课文中的重点语言点及用法
1. we can advertise on the internet.
advertise on the internet
look for things on the internet
2. we should give out leaflets to ask people to donate money
give out leaflets散发传单
ask sb. to do
3. why don’t we organize a charity show?
why not organize a charity show?
shall we organize a charity show?
表建议，其回答是a good idea.
4. raise money for project green hope为……筹集钱
project green hope－protect rivers and lakes like the yellow river and the yangtse river in china
* raise (vt.) 筹集；抬高; 养育；提出
* 抬高 raise your arms
raise the price of the ticket
* 养育 raise a family / children
* 提出 raise an important question
5. i felt happy when the organizer chose me to be the host.
organizer organization
organize (vt.) organize a charity party
eg. the girl _______ the welcome party very well .
• project hope is a popular ________ for helping people in need.
• daniel is an able boy and he was chosen to be the ______ of the party.
choose sb. to be… 选某人当……
• choose sb. to do … 选某人做……
who/whom will you choose_____(be) your new monitor? （to be）
we chose jack to be / as our new monitor.
被动句： jack was chosen to be /as monitor.
从……挑选 choose …from/between…
choose correct one from the following/ between the two.
译：蛋糕太多了，不知要选哪一个。
there are too many cakes to choose from.
6. it was my job to introduce each star. 我的工作是(给大家)介绍每位明星。
* it is + n./ adj. + to do sth. （ 形式主语）
* ＝ to do sth. is + n./ adj./ doing sth. is +n. / adj.
it is a nurse’s duty to look after patients.
=____________________________
it wasn’t very difficult to fall asleep because i was so tired last night.
=____________________________
教好你们英语是我的职责，但同时努力学好它是你们的职责。
it is my duty/job to teach you to learn english well but at the same time it is your duty to work hard at it.
成为一位优秀的学生是我的梦想。
it is my dream to be/become a top student.
7. i had to remember to look at the right camera at the right time.
right- 合适的; 正确的
we should learn to do everything in the right order.
guess the meaning of “right”:
√ he is the right man for the job.
√ those shoes were just right in size.
√ what’s the right time? adj.
√ are you right ? adj.
√ all right.
√ that’ s all right.
√ that’s right.
my grandpa always remembers to buy me some sweets when he comes to see me.
i can’t remember sending an e-mail to you before. i’m really sorry i have forgotten that.
remember to do sth. 记住去做某事(此事还没做)
remember doing sth. 记得曾经做过某事
类似
forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事(此事还没做)
forget doing sth. 忘记曾经做过某事
8. in the beginning, i thought i would never be able to remember all the words and do everything right at the same time.
in the beginning ＝ at the beginning/ at first一开始
* opposite in the end /at last/finally
* at the beginning of the street/ the term“在……的开始”
* opposite at the end of the street/ the term
最后，我们赢得了篮球比赛。
in the end/at last, we won the basketball match.
在会议快结束时，我们观看了一场歌舞表演。
at the end of the meeting, we watched a singing and dancing performance/show.
9. “will it be a success? ”i kept asking myself.
* success :1) u.n 成功;成就
have/get success in…
2) c.n 成功的人；成功的事
successes
jay is a success as a singer.
lian zhan’s visit to the mainland is a success.
* keep (on) doing sth. 不断/持续做某事
the boy kept asking his teacher some strange questions.
keep v.
保存 keep old letters (in the box)
保持 keep clam keep the baby warm
饲养 keep a dog
保守 keep a secret
防止;抑制(常与from连用)
keep children away from the hot stove
keep/stop/prevent us from the dangerous lions
10. “no time to be nervous any more. this is it.” i told myself.
我告诉自己：“没有是时间紧张了，这就是关键时刻！”
no time to be nervous any more.
= there is no time to be nervous any more.
this is it.
it用来指“最好的、最渴望得到的事情或机会等 ”
这就是关键时刻，我们必须全力以赴。
this is it--- we must do our best.
11. everything seemed to happen so fast
seem “似乎，好像”。
* seem + adj. / n. / 介词词组/ to do sth.
* it seems (to sb.) + (that)…(在某人看来)似乎……
the old man always seems sad/ to be sad.
=the plan seemed a success/ to be a success.
it seems that there’s something strange about tony’s death.
=there _______ ______ ______ something strange about tony’s death.
there didn’t seem to be any hope to see the pop star.
=it seemed hopeless to see the pop star.
12. a lot of money has been donated to project hope.
* donate sth…to… 向……捐赠sth.
* sth. be donated to…
the businessman donated lots of money to the hospital.
lots of money was donated to the hospital by the businessman.
13. …we had a lot of support from local businesses.
business (c.n公司; 企业; businesses; u.n 商业;商务;生意)
—how is your business? —not bad.
my father has been in beijing on business for a week.
14. i hope we can have more events like this will be organized…
i hope to see you soon.
* hope to do sth. / (that)+从句
* in the hope of…抱有……希望
i went to suzhou again in the hope of seeing my old friends last october.
【典型例题】
一、词汇
1. i want to _________(登广告) on the radio to let more people know about the charity show.
2. the businessman from america __________(捐赠) a lot of money to project hope yesterday.
3. i want to take some photos, could you please lend me a _________(照相机)?
4. you must pay more____________(注意力) to your spelling.
5. the students are holding a meeting to make some__________(决定) about how to hold a charity show.
6. would you mind my __________(介绍) myself. i am john green.
7. a charity is an ____________ (组织) that gives help to people in need.
8. the _________(观众) were excited on the opening night of the play.
9. the charity show held by class1, grade 8 was really a big ________. (成功)
10. the play is going to start so the _______ (幕) rose ten minutes ago.
【答案】
1. advertise 2. donated 3. camera 4. attention 5. decisions
6. introducing 7. onganization 8. audience 9. success 10. curtain
二、选择填空(10’)
1. miss yang knows how to make a paper boat. i _______ her to help us.
a. hope b. don’t mind c. think d. wish
2. go to ask mr. zhang. he seems ____________ it.
a. understand b. understanding c. to understand d. understood
3. the wounded(受伤的) soldier kept climbing the tree to escape from the enemy . the meaning of the underlined phrase is _________
a. climb the tree again and again b. climb the tree once
c. go on to climb d. start to climb the tree
4. i hope andy _________ to join us in the charity work.
a. to comeb. can comec. coming d. come
5. my father is ill so i will go to see the old woman ___________.
a. instead you b. instead c. instead of d. of instead
6. my grandpa knows little english, ________ he can’t understand the instructions.
a. so b. or c. but d. for
7. please remember _______ the window, you always forget _______ it.
a. closing; closing b. to close; closing
c. closing ; to close d. to close ; to close
8. we hope that jim can _______________ be the host of the charity show.
a. choose to b. be choose to c. be chosen to d. chosen to
9. it is ________ , and you must __________ at it .
a. hard work ; work hard b. a hard work ; working – hard
c. work hard ; hard – working d. hard-working; work hard
10. kitty is generous to others. ____, she often says bad words about others.
a. but b. so c. however d. and
【答案】
accbb abcaa
三、用所给动词的正确形式填空.
1. we hope ___________( see ) you soon.
2. i will not go to see the film because i ____________ (see) it twice.
3. let’s __________ (watch ) tv instead of ___________ (play) basketball on the playground.
4. you _________ (be) successful only if you __________ (have) fewer day dreams.
5. why don’t we _______ (organize) a charity show _______ (raise) money for the poor children.
【答案】
1. to see 2. have seen 3. watch, playing
4. will be, have 5. organize, to raise
四、句型转换(10’)
1. it was my job to introduce each star.
my job was _______ ____________ each star.
2. local businesses gave us a lot of support.
a lot of support________ _________ ______ us______ local businesses.
3. she seems to be unhappy today.
she _______ ________ today.
4. i had to stay at home because it rained heavily.
i had to stay at home because of ________ ______ _______.
5. everything seemed to happen so fast.
_________ _________ that everything happened so fast.
6. you should speak in a loud voice because there was much noise.
you should speak ________ ________ _______ much noise.
7. i hope we can have more events like this.
i ______ _______ have more events like this.
8. she was lucky to meet so many famous pop stars.
it’s ______ ______ her to meet so many famous pop stars.
【答案】
1. to introduce 2. was given to, by 3. seems unhappy 4. the heavy rain
5. it seemed 6. loudly because of 7. hope to 8. lucky for
五、改错
1. ricky worked very hard because he wanted the show to be success. ( )_________
a b c d
2. because his bad leg, he couldn’t walk so fast as the others. ( )_________
a b c d
3. because nobody told her about the film, so she decided to watch it. ( )_________
a b c d
4. i’m busy writing a letter. would you go to the party instead me? ( )__________
a b c d
5. i’m very hungry. please give me a bit bread. ( )___________
a b c d
6. the students are practicing to sing a new song . ( )__________
a b c d
【答案】
1. d be successful 2. a because of 3. c so 去掉
4. d instead of 5. c a bit of 6. d singing
六、根据汉语提示完成句子.(18’)
1. 经理不希望更多的类似事件再次发生。
the manager doesn’t wish more ______ _______ _______to _______again.
2. 你应该更努力的学习而不是整天玩耍。
you should work hard ___________ _________ playing all the time.
3. 在这次慈善义演中我们得到当地企业的大力支持。
in this charity show we got ______ _____ ______ from _____ ________.
4. 我们衷心感谢那些捐款捐物帮忙的人们，使得这次义演成为可能。
we’d like _____ _____ the people who have ____ money and materials to help ____the show______.
5. 如果你要成为一个优秀的主持人你必须做大量的练习.
you must ________ a lot if you want to ______ a good host.
【答案】
1. events like this, happen 2. instead of 3. lots of support, local businesses
4. to thank, donated, make, possible 5. practise, be
Unit 4 A charity show -- 第3篇
unit 4 a charity show
一. 教学内容：
unit 4 a charity show grammar
二. 教学目标：
掌握unit4的语法结构和用法：
一般将来时的被动语态
含有情态动词(can, may, must, should)的被动语态
现在完成时的被动语态
because & because of
经典讲解
语法一：一般将来时的被动语态
1. 基本结构:
1) shall/will + be + done
the new film will be shown next thursday.
这部新电影将在下周四上映。
we shall be punished if we break the rule.
如果我们违反规定，我们将要受到惩罚。
2）be going to + be + done。如：
the problem is going to be discussed at the meeting tomorrow.
这个问题将在明天的会议上被讨论。
【经典例题1】 i promise that this matter _____ next week.
a. will be taken care
b. will take care of
c. will take good care
d. will be taken care of
【思路点拨】选d。从题干不难看出,一是从句中的 this matter 和 take care of 是被动关系;二是take care of 是固定搭配,不能拆开;三是相对于promise来说, take care of 是将要发生的动作。故从句谓语应用一般将来时的被动语态。
【经典例题2】 these dictionaries _____ the library again (by you ).
a. will be taken out of b. won’t be taken out of
c. will take out of d. won’t take out of
【思路点拨】选b。由题干结构及句意可知,此题考查的是一般将来时的被动语态的否定式。
【经典例题3】 the class ____ on everything they have learnt this year.
a. is going to be examining
b. are going to examine
c. is going to be examined
d. are going to be examined
【思路点拨】选d。题中the class指全班同学,谓语动词应用复数形式, 并且主语和谓语动词之间是被动关系, 所以谓语应用一般将来时的被动语态。
【经典例题4】 an exhibition of painting _____ at the art museum when he comes back from abroad.
a. is going to hold
b. is going to be held
c. are going to hold
d. are going to be held
【思路点拨】 选b。根据题意, 此处应用一般将来时的被动语态, 而且主谓应保持一致。
2. 各种结构形式。
肯定式主语+will（shall）＋be＋动词的过去分词
否定式主语+will（shall）＋not＋be＋动词的过去分词
疑问式will（shall）＋主语＋be＋动词的过去分词？
简略回答yes，主语＋will（shall）. no，主语＋won’t（shan’t）.
特殊疑问词 + shall/will + 主语 + be + done...?
肯定式be going to + be + done.
否定式be not going to + be + done.
疑问式am/is/are going to + be + done?
特殊疑问词 + am/is/are + 主语 +going to be + done...?
3. 使用一般将来时的被动语态时，应注意以下两点：
1) 在时间、条件状语从句中，应使用现在时表示将来时。同样，应使用现在时的被动语态表示将来时的被动语态。
if i am given enough time, i will go to japan for my holiday.
如果我有足够的时间，我将去日本度假。
2) 使用一般将来时的被动语态时，学生易遗漏被动式中的be。
【经典例题5】you can go out to play football this afternoon if your homework _____.(finish)
a. finishes b. will be finishedc. is going to finishd. is finished
【思路点拨】选d。根据题意, 此处if引导的条件状语从句，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时，而且根据homework与finish之间的关系用被动语态。
【典型例题】
一、从a、b、c、d四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. we are told that a new car factory _____ here next year.
a. will set up b. will be set up c. would set up d. would be set up
2. the olympic games _____ in beijing; several big changes _____ in the capital city.
a. is held; will make b. will be held; will make
c. will be held; will be made d. is held; make
3. you _____ to take so much luggage with you on the plane.
a. will be allowed b. will allow
c. won’t be allowed d. won’t allow
4. you _____ around our school this afternoon. now, please have a good rest.
a. are shown b. were shown
c. are going to be shown d. will show
5. can you tell me by whom the talk _____ tomorrow?
a. will give b. will be given c. give d. be given
6. hundreds of jobs ____ if the factory closes.
a. lose b. will be lost c. are lost d. will lose
7. the water will be further polluted unless some measures ____.
a. will be taken b. are taken c. were taken d. had been taken
8. i ____ if i finish the work within one day.
a. shall be praised b. would praisec. will praise d. praise
9. —a party is going to ____ tonight. would you like to go with me?
—i’d like to, but i have to look after my sick mother.
a. organize b. have been organized
c. be organizing d. be organized
10. if it doesn’t rain tomorrow, the sports meet ____ in the playground of our school.
a. is holding b. will holdc. will be held d. is to be holding
【答案】
bcccb bbadc
二、翻译句子。
1. 这个女孩太漂亮了! 会有很多人喜欢的！
2. 他一到达这个城市就会被认出。
3. 这项工作很快就完成了。
4. 我们不会受到邀请。
【答案】
what a beautiful girl! she will be loved by many people!
he will be recognized as soon as he arrives at this city.
the work is going to be done soon.
we will not be invited.
语法二：现在完成时的被动语态的构成与用法
现在完成时的被动语态是本课中的重要语法项目，为帮助同学们更好地学习和巩固此语法，现做了以下几点归纳：
（一）现在完成时的被动语态的构成
1. 现在完成时的被动语态的肯定式
由“have/has ＋been ＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。例如：
two windows have been broken. 两个窗子被打破了。
2. 现在完成时的被动语态的否定式
由“have/has ＋not＋been ＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。例如：
the car has not been repaired. 这辆汽车还没有修好。
3. 现在完成时的被动语态的一般疑问式
由“have/has ＋主语＋been＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。例如：
①─has her work been finished？她的工作完成了吗？
─yes，it has. 是的，完成了。
②─have the cars been repaired？这些汽车修好了吗？
─no，they haven’t. 不，还没有。
4. 现在完成时的被动语态的特殊疑问式
由“疑问词＋have/has＋主语＋been＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。例如：
how long has her work been finished？她的工作完成了多久？
who has been helped by the new computer？谁已经得到了这台新计算机的帮助？
how many new words have been learned by the students？
这些学生已经学会了多少新单词？
（二）现在完成时的被动语态的主要用法
1. 表示被动的动作发生在说话之前（即现在的过去），强调对现在造成的影响和结果。
例1：the door has been locked. 门被锁上了。（结果是现在没有人能进去）
例2：this work has been finished, you may have a rest.这项工作已被完成，你可以休息一会儿。
分析：该句强调这项工作已被完成对现在造成的影响是你没有必要再做了，强调这个影响，你可以休息一会儿。
例3：this book has been read by me, you needn’t tell me anything about it.这本书已被我读完，你没有必要告诉我有关它的任何东西。
分析：这本书已被我读完,对现在造成的影响是我已读懂其中内容，强调这个影响，你没有必要告诉我有关它的任何东西。
2. 表示一个被动的动作或状态开始于过去，持续到现在，并可能将持续下去，常与for或since引导的时间状语连用，或用于how long...？句型中。例如：
they have been told about it for many times. 有人告诉他们这事很多次了。（可能还会有人告诉他们）
how long has the machine been used？这台机器使用了多久？
this film has been put on for half an hour.这场电影已放映了半个小时。
（三）使用现在完成时的被动语态需要注意的问题
1. 现在完成时的被动语态有两个助动词，即 have/has和been，两者缺一不可。
2. 注意与一般过去时的被动语态的区别。一般过去时的被动语态表示一个被动的动作发生在过去某个时候，其结果对现在没有影响；而现在完成时的被动语态的动作或状态尽管发生在过去，但侧重说明该动作或状态对现在造成的影响和结果。例如：
the house was built last year. 这房子是去年建造的。
the house has been built. 这房子已经建好了。
3. 由finish，buy，start，begin，post，return，borrow，join，marry，open等词构成的现在完成时的被动语态不能与表示一段时间的状语如for four days，how long等连用，而要改换动词或时态。例如：
译：这本书买了多久了？
误：how long has this book been bought？
正：how long ago was this book bought？
但这类动词的否定式可表示动作的持续过程，具有延续性，因而可与since或for引导的时间段连用。例如：
no books have been bought since last week. 自上周以来，没有人来买过书。
4. 短语动词是一个不可分割的整体，在被动结构中要保持完整性，不可省略短语动词中的介词或副词。例如：
the old man has been well looked after. 这位老人一直受到很好的照顾。
【典型例题】
( ) 1. now these magazines___ in the library for a long time.
a. have kept b. are keeping c. have been keeping d. have been kept
( ) 2. the pot ___ for ___ hot water.
a. used; keeping b. was used; keeping
c. is used; to keep d. are used; keep
( ) 3. tea ___ in the south of china for hundreds of years.
a. has been grown b. is grown
c. were grown d. will be grown
( ) 4. the bridges___ since two years ago.
a. have been builtb. have built c. were built d. was built
( ) 5. the meeting ______ since 5 o’ clock.
a. has had b. had c. have been had d. has been had
【答案】
dbaac
语法三：含有情态动词（can, may must, should, ought to）的被动语态
1、this bike can be repaired.
2、the tree must be put straight in the hole.
3、the classroom should be cleaned every day.
含有情态动词的主动句变成被动句时，由“情态动词＋be＋过去分词”构成，原来带to的情态动词变成被动语态后“to”仍要保留。
歌诀是：情态动词变被动，情态加be加“过分”，原来带to要保留。例如：
we can repair this watch in two days.
—this watch can be repaired in two days.
you ought to take it away.
—it ought to be taken away.
they should do it at once.
—it should be done at once
肯定式：can/may/must/should/ought to be done
否定式：can’t/may not/mustn’t/shouldn’t/ought not to be done
疑问式：can/may/must/should /ought to be done?
【典型例题】
一、选择题
( ) 1. the flowers ___ often.
a. must be water b. must be wateredc. must watered d. must water
( ) 2. the books may___ for two weeks.
a. be kept b. be borrowed c. keep d. borrow
( ) 3. the broken bike____ here by mr smith.
a. can mend b. can mended c. can be mend d. can be mended
( ) 4. the river smells terrible. people must ___ dirty things into it.
a. be stopped to throw b. be stopped from throwing
c. stop to throw d. stop from throwing
( ) 5. the teapot ___ water.
a. is filled with b. filled of c. filling of d. filled
( ) 6. old people must be ___ politely.
a. speak to b. spoken c. speak d. spoken to
( ) 7. old people must ___.
a. look after well b. be looked well after
c. looked well after d. be looked after well
【答案】
badbadd
二、完成下列句子
1. i think one day books may ________ (place) completely.
2. my bike ___________ (leave) at school, so i have to take the bus to school today.
3. the battery __________ (change) yet. how can i use my recorder?
4. paper should not _________ (throw) away.
5. books and other material can _________ (borrow) from the library.
6. i’ve bought a second-hand mp3 player—and about 1,000 songs have ________ (download) onto it!
7. has the computer __________ (repair) yet? i need to write my article with it.
8. what has___________ (turn on)? the radio.
【答案】
1. be placed 2. has been left 3. hasn’t been changed 4. be thrown
5. be borrowed 6. been downloaded 7. be repaired 8. been turned on
语法四：because & because of的用法
区别：because + a clause of reason
because of + noun./pronoun
e.g.: i did not go because of the rain.
=i did not go because it rained.
he did not buy a present for his mother because he had no money.
=he did not buy the present for his mother because of no money.
practise:
david didn’t go to school yesterday _________ his cold.
i didn’t go to school yesterday _________ i had a cold.
the football game is cancelled today __________ the sandstorm.
there was a traffic jam in xuanwu district ________ a car accident.
a lot of people were trapped in the airport _______ the bad weather.
because 与so可以互换
1. because we want to raise money for charity , we are organizing a show.
we want to raise money for charity so we are organizing a show.
2. we will hold a meeting next week because we must make some decisions.
we must make some decisions so we will hold a meeting next week
3. we will hold the show indoors because the weather might be bad.
the weather might be bad so we will hold the show indoors.
4. we will need a lot of people because there is a lot of work to do.
there is a lot of work to do so we will need a lot of people.
【典型例题】
一、用括号内的词合并句子。
1. they helped with the farmers, they enjoyed working on the farm (because).
2. lots of people went to the show, there were many famous pop stars (so).
3. he spoke very loudly, there was a lot of noise there (because).
4. he worked very hard, he wanted the show to be a success (so)
二、仿照例句改写下列句子。
例如：rose felt nervous because he saw the tv cameras.
rose felt nervous because of the tv cameras.
①lots of people knew about the show because they saw the advertisement.
②the fans were very excited because many pop starts came.
③we couldn’t go to the show because we had the exams.
④the ground was wet because it rained last night.
⑤there were many trees on the road because there was a strong wind.
【答案】
一、
1. they helped with the farmers because they enjoyed working on the farm .
2. there were many famous pop stars so lots of people went to the show.
3. he spoke very loudly because there was a lot of noise there .
4. he wanted the show to be a success so he worked very hard.
二、
①lots of people knew about the show because of seeing the advertisement.
②the fans were very excited because of many pop starts.
③we couldn’t go to the show because of the exams.
④the ground was wet because of the rain last night.
⑤there were many trees on the road because of a strong wind.
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